A localizer course is no different in this respect. If you are not on
the course, there are 179 headings which could intercept the course.
2 headings are parallel headings, and 179 headings take you away from
the course.

This has nothing to do with radios. It is simple geometry. It
applies to any line in space.

As far as radios are concerned, if you have the OBS ring set to the
single localizer course, and you are west of course, it will indicate
west of course, whether front course or back.

There is no such thing as "reverse sensing". The nav radio senses a
localizer course on the back course EXACTLY the way is is sensed on
the front course.

The only thinkg that gets reversed is the pilot's thinking, which is
why the concept is found so confusing by students. It is not because
of inherent complexity, but because it is taught in an unnecessarily
complicated fashion by flight instructors.



On Sun, 14 Nov 2004 20:47:32 -0500, "Richard Kaplan"
wrote:

wrote in message
.. .

By flying a course, for example, 30 degrees off the top of the OBS, on
the needle-side hemisphere, will intercept the course at an angle of
30 degrees. To intercept at a 30 degree angle outbound, fly a course
30 degrees off the bootom of the OBS, on the needle side.


That is fine as an explanation of which direction the CDI needle will move
in any given situation.

It does not make any easier the practical question of which way to point the
airplane when the CDI needle is deflected at any particular time.

And it particularly does not make any easier the practical question of which
way ot point the airplane when flying a localizer, where there are not 179
different courses that can be flown.

Your example focuses on VOR navigation, where there is never a need to
navigate with reverse sensing -- just turn the OBS knob 180 degrees.
Reverse sensing is only an issue on localizer approaches.

--------------------
Richard Kaplan

www.flyimc.com