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Old August 21st 13, 04:47 AM posted to rec.aviation.soaring
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Default Simple angle of attack sensor

On Monday, July 29, 2013 10:16:55 AM UTC-5, Bill D wrote:
http://cumulus.atmos.und.edu/winds_introduction.php



Note first picture.



I think it's easy to see how a pair of AOA sensing ports could be added to a glider nose.

and others:


The photo shows in essence a 5-hole hemispherical probe using the nose of the glider as the probe. 5-hole probes are fairly common instruments in wind tunnels and sometimes even flight.

The center port measures total pressure. Total pressure is accurately measured for angles up to about 15 degrees off axis, and even for angles up to 20 degrees, the error is a small percentage.

The other four ports will likely trigger transition locally on the nose. They will each create about a 7-degree wedge of turbulent flow, which could/would significantly reduce the amount of laminar flow on the fuselage.

I would suggest using a conical 5-hole probe (google it). These can be quite small in size and are easy to calibrate. One can determine total pressure, static pressure, yaw angle, and angle of attack. I have calibrated probes of this type to angles up to 45 degrees. A decent set of calibration curves can be made from CFD calculations which model the probe and the nearby portions of the glider.

As mentioned above, the probe can be quite small, a 3/16" probe could work well. It can be mounted to the fuselage, or possibly better, the leading edge of the vertical fin.

If five pressure transducers are used, one for each point, aoa, yaw, airspeed, and altitude could be calculated from a single probe. Since both airspeed and altitude are calculated from the connected flight data computer, it is possible to electronically calculate the climb rate corrected for total energy. One could also alert the pilot either visually or audibly for excessive aoa or yaw.

As with any probe of this type, it could be contaminated by rain, which is why most aircraft pitot-static probes are heated. The Kulite Flow Angle Probe FAP-250 (google it) is only 0.25" in diameter and may be more resistant, since the sensors are quite small and are nearly surface mounted. This probe is calibrated to up to 35 degrees off axis.

That's my 2 cents.