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#8
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Seriously snipped.
Corner velocity, by definition, is the minimum speed at which you can generate maximum allowable G-load. So, the corner for the F-4 relates to 7.33+ G at most weights. We usually used 420 KIAS for the F-4 hard-wing. The max G, of course, could be considerably reduced based on stores retained--even empty fuel tanks. The F-4's I flew (non-slatted J) had a 6.5 limit in the fighter configuration. There was a flight regime and gross weight where up to 8.5 G was permissible (around .7 mach ... which meant you had to be pretty low otherwise the KIAS wasn't there ... and 37.5K). IIRC, the Vn diagram tapered off from that peak of 8.5 at .7 IMN to 6.5 at approx 1.0 IMN. (I suspect a function of fuselage bending loads as the center of lift moved aft). Any time we'd exceed 6.5, the maintenance types would get your G, mach and weight and enter the performance charts to compute whether the over-G was truly in or out of the envelope. Typical culprit was an unexpected transonic pitch up at low altitudes. Generally, the sustained turn rate was around 14-15 degrees/second for the F-4 hard-wing and about 12.5-13.5 for the F-105. Don't know where you got these numbers, but sustained for the F-4 was under 10 degrees/sec at combat altitudes and weights (we typically used 15K, 4+4, no tanks, and 60% fuel) and was found at around 450 KIAS. The F-8 could do just under 11 degrees/sec @ 400 in similar conditions (better wing, less wing loading, not much less T/W). ... roughly a 1 degree/sec advantage. Of course the Mig-21 (the adversary we trained for) was a couple better than that. Still looking at under 15 degree/sec sustained. Ignoring momentary pitch rates (which can be phenomenally high) current fighters can exceed 20 degrees/second. That is SUSTAINED!!!! The idea of holding 9 Gs for a while still makes my vision dim sitting at the computer. Many jets have a lower G limit (typically 7.5). I've timed the F-14 and F-18 at airshows (do the T-bird solos do a max perf 360?). Of course, whether or not the pilot is truly at max performance or not in the wind-up turn is unknown, but a 360 (roll in to roll out) takes around 20-24 seconds, somewhat less than 20/sec. I got a single seat A-4 (stripped adversary) to 20 degrees/sec (not quite sustained, I lost a couple knots) in a 360 @ 1,000 feet and 180 KIAS 1/2 flaps. R / John |
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