Matt Wiser
December 7th 03, 08:20 PM
classy > wrote:
>In article >
(Phil McGregor) wrote:
>
(mike) wrote in message
>...
>>> Oliver Neukum > wrote in
>message >...
>>
>>> > > But your query assumes that the USSR
>believes in the possibility of a
>>> > > "limited" nuclear war ... Soviet commanders
>simply couldn't believe
>>> > > the massive stupidity of the US analysts
>who proposed the idea. They
>>> > > made it plain in their own comments that
>there was no such thing ...
>>>
>>> Well, a 'limited' war is one that was only
>to be done in Europe only,
>>> in Pentagon think.
>>
>>Nope. "Limited" Nuclear Wars are ones that
>were "limited" to 100 nukes
>>a side (I think) ... the detailed, scary, stuff
>is out there doing a
>>Google search under "Limited Nuclear War" +
>Plans ... including ...
>>
>>www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa009.html
>>
>>and
>>
>>www.is.wayne.edu/mnissani/pagepub/ch2.html
>>
>>The assumption was a minimum 100 million dead
>in *each* of the US and
>>USSR ... I dunno if that includes Warpac or
>Nato deaths as well, I
>>don't think so.
>>
>>A "moderate" assumption was 1 billion dead
>worldwide.
>>
>>And this was a *limited* war :-P
>>
>>Phil
>
>
>You are right - in the case of war, only the
>Czechoslovak
>army planned to use 131 nuclear weapons...
>
>
>from the Cold War Parallel History site
>
>http://www.isn.ethz.ch/php/collections/coll_1.htm
>
>
>
>Plan of Actions of the Czechoslovak People's
>Army for War
>Period
>
>Map 1: 500,000, published 1963
>
>
>"Approved"
>Single Copy
>
>Supreme Commander
>
>of the Armed Forces of the CSSR
>
>Antonin Novotny
>
>1964
>
>
>
>1. Conclusions from the assessment of the enemy
>
>The enemy could use up to 12 general military
>units on the
>Central European military theater for advancing
>in the area
>of the Czechoslovak Front from D1 to D 7-8.
>
>-- The 2nd Army Corps of the FRG [Federal Republic
>of
>Germany] including: 4th and 10th mechanized
>divisions, 12th
>tank division, 1st airborne division and 1st
>mountain
>division,
>
>-- the 7th Army Corps of the USA including:
>the 24th
>mechanized division and 4th armored tank division;
>
>-- the 1st Army of France including: 3rd mechanized
>division, the 1st and 7th tank divisions, and
>up to two
>newly deployed units, including 6 launchers
>of tactical
>missiles, up to 130 theater launchers and artillery,
>and up
>to 2800 tanks.
>
>Operations of the ground troops could be supported
>by part
>of the 40th Air Force, with up to 900 aircraft,
>including
>250 bombers and up to 40 airborne missile launchers.
>
>Judging by the composition of the group of NATO
>troops and
>our assessment of the exercises undertaken by
>the NATO
>command, one could anticipate the design of
>the enemy's
>actions with the following goals.
>
>To disorganize the leadership of the state and
>to undermine
>mobilization of armed forces by surprise nuclear
>strikes
>against the main political and economic centers
>of the
>country.
>
>To critically change the correlation of forces
>in its own
>favor by strikes against the troops, airfields
>and
>communication centers.
>
>To destroy the border troops of the Czechoslovak
>People's
>Army in border battles, and to destroy the main
>group of our
>troops in the Western and Central Czech Lands
>by building
>upon the initial attack.
>
>To disrupt the arrival of strategic reserves
>in the regions
>of Krkonose, Jeseniky, and Moravska Brana by
>nuclear strikes
>against targets deep in our territory and by
>sending
>airborne assault troops; to create conditions
>for a
>successful attainment of the goals of the operation.
>
>
>Judging by the enemy's approximate operative
>design, the
>combat actions of both sides in the initial
>period of the
>war will have a character of forward contact
>battles.
>
>The operative group of the enemy in the southern
>part of the
>FRG will force the NATO command to gradually
>engage a number
>of their units in the battle, which will create
>an
>opportunity for the Czechoslovak Front to defeat
>NATO forces
>unit by unit. At the same time, that would
>require building
>a powerful first echelon in the operative structure
>of the
>Front; and to achieve success it would require
>building up
>reserves that would be capable of mobilizing
>very quickly
>and move into the area of military action in
>a very short
>time.
>
>
>
>2. Upon receiving special instructions from
>the Supreme
>Commander of the Unified Armed Forces, the Czechoslovak
>People's Army will deploy to the Czechoslovak
>Front with the
>following tasks:
>
>To be ready to start advancing toward Nuremberg,
>Stuttgart
>and Munich with part of forces immediately after
>the nuclear
>strike. Nuclear strike against the troops of
>the enemy
>should be targeted to the depth up to the line
>Würzburg,
>Erlangen, Regensburg, Landshut.
>
>The immediate task is to defeat the main forces
>of the
>Central Group of the German Army in the southern
>part of the
>FRG, in cooperation with the [Soviet] 8th Guards
>Army of the
>1st Western Front; by the end of the first day--reach
>the
>line Bayreuth, Regensburg, Passau; and by the
>end of the
>second day--move to the line Höchstadt, Schwabach,
>Ingolstadt, Mühldorf, and by the fourth day
>of the attack
>--reach the line Mosbach, Nürtingen, Memmingen,
>Kaufbeuren.
>
>In the future, building upon the advance in
>the direction of
>Strasbourg, Epinal, Dijon, to finalize the defeat
>of the
>enemy in the territory of the FRG, to force
>a crossing of
>the river Rhine, and on the seventh or eighth
>day of the
>operation to take hold of the line Langres,
>Besançon.
>
>Afterward develop the advance toward Lyon.
>
>To have in the combat disposition of the Czechoslovak
>Front
>the following units:
>
>-- the 1st and 4th Armies, 10th Air Army, 331st
>front
>missile brigade, 11th, 21st and the 31st mobile
>missile
>support base in the state of combat alert.
>
>-- the reserve center of the Army, the 3rd,
>18th, 26th, and
>32nd mechanized rifle divisions, 14th and 17th
>tank
>divisions, 22nd airborne brigade, 205th antitank
>brigade,
>303rd air defense division, 201st and 202nd
>air defense
>regiments with mobilization timetable from M1
>to M3.
>
>-- the formations, units and facilities of the
>support and
>service system.
>
>The 57th Air Army, arriving on D1 from the Carpathian
>military district before the fifth or sixth
>day of the
>operation, will be operatively subordinated
>to the
>Czechoslovak Front. If Austria keeps its neutrality
>on the
>third day of the war, one mechanized rifle division
>of the
>Southern Group of Forces will arrive in the
>area of Ceske
>Budejovice and join the Czechoslovak Front.
>The following
>forces will remain at the disposal of the Ministry
>of
>National Defense: the 7th air defense army,
>24th mechanized
>rifle division and 16th tank division with readiness
>M20,
>reconnaissance units, and also units and facilities
>of the
>support and service system. Under favorable
>conditions two
>missile brigades and one mobile missile support
>base will
>arrive some time in advance in the territory
>of the CSSR
>from the Carpathian military district:
>
>-- 35th missile brigade--past Cesky Brod, past
> Ricany,
>Zasmuky,
>
>-- 36th missile brigade – past Pacov, past
>Pelhrimov, past
>Humpolec,
>
>-- 3486th mobile missile support base – woods
>5 kilometers
>to the East of Svetla.
>
>Formations and units of the Czechoslovak People's
>Army, on
>permanent alert, upon the announcement of combat
>alarm
>should leave their permanent location in no
>more than 30
>minutes, move to designated areas within 3 hours,
>and deploy
>there ready to carry out their combat tasks.
>Formations,
>units and headquarters that do not have set
>mobilization
>dates, leave their locations of permanent deployment
>and
>take up the identified areas of concentration
>in the time
>and in the order determined by the plan of mobilization
>and
>deployment. The following disposition of forces
>is possible
>in the area of operations of the Czechoslovak
>Front for the
>entire depth of the operation:
>
>-- in divisions – 1.1 to 1.0
>
>-- in tanks and mobile artillery launchers –
>1.0 to 1.0
>
>-- in artillery and mine-launchers – 1.0 to
>1.0
>
>-- in military aircraft – 1.1 to 1.0, all
>in favor of the
>Czechoslovak Front.
>
>In the first massive nuclear strike by the troops
>of the
>Missile Forces of the Czechoslovak Front, the
>front aviation
>and long-range aviation added to the front must
>destroy the
>main group of troops of the first operations
>echelon of the
>7th US Army, its means of nuclear attack, and
>the centers of
>command and control of the aviation.
>
>During the development of the operation, the
>troops of the
>Missile Forces and aviation must destroy the
>approaching
>deep operative reserves, the newly discovered
>means of
>nuclear attack, and the enemy aviation.
>
>Altogether the operation will require the use
>of 131 nuclear
>missiles and nuclear bombs; specifically 96
>missiles and 35
>nuclear bombs. The first nuclear strike will
>use 41
>missiles and nuclear bombs. The immediate task
>will require
>using 29 missiles and nuclear bombs. The subsequent
>task
>could use 49 missiles and nuclear bombs. 12
>missiles and
>nuclear bombs should remain in the reserve of
>the Front.
>
>Building on the results of the first nuclear
>strike, the
>troops of the Front, in coordination with units
>of the 1st
>Western Front must destroy the main group of
>troops of the
>7th US Army and the 1st French Army in cooperation
>with
>airborne assault troops, force the rivers Neckar
>and Rhine
>in crossing, and defeat the advancing deep strategic
>reserves of the enemy in advancing battle, and
>by D7-8 take
>control of the areas of Langres, Besançon,
>and Epinal.
>
>Upon completion of the tasks of the operation
>the troops
>must be ready to develop further advances in
>the direction
>of Lyon.
>
>The main strike should be concentrated in the
>direction of
>Nuremberg, Stuttgart, Strasbourg, Epinal, Dijon;
>part of the
>forces should be used on the direction of Straubing
>and
>Munich.
>
>The operative structure of the troops of the
>Czechoslovak
>Front is to be in one echelon with separation
>of two tank
>and five mechanized rifle divisions for the
>reserve as they
>arrive and are deployed. The first echelon shall
>consist of
>the 1st and 4th armies and the 331st front missile
>brigade.
>
>The reserve of the front includes: Headquarters
>of the 2nd
>Army (reserve), mechanized rifle division of
>the Southern
>Group of Forces by D3, 14th tank division by
>D3, 17th tank
>division by D4, 3rd mechanized rifle division
>by D3, 26th
>mechanized rifle division by D4, 18th mechanized
>rifle
>division by D5, and 32nd mechanized rifle division
>by D6.
>
>Special reserves include: 22nd airborne brigade
>by D2, 103rd
>chemical warfare batallion by D2, 6th engineering
>brigade by
>D3, and 205th antitank artillery by D4.
>
>
>
>3. On the right – the 8th Guards Army of
>the 1st Western
>Front advances in the direction of Suhl, Bad
>Kissingen, and
>Worms and with part of its forces to Bamberg.
>
>
>The separation line with the Army is the CSSR-GDR
>border as
>far as As, then Bayreuth, Mosbach, and Sarrebourg,
>Chaumont
>(all points exclusively for the Czechoslovak
>Front).
>
>The meeting point with the 8th Guards Army should
>be
>supported by the forces and means of the Czechoslovak
>Front.
>
>On the left – the Southern Group of Forces
>and the Hungarian
>People's Army will cover the state borders of
>Hungary.
>
>The dividing line with them: state border of
>the CSSR with
>the Hungarian People's Republic, and then the
>northern
>borders of Austria, Switzerland, and Italy.
>
>
>
>
>4. The 1st Army (19th and 20th mechanized rifle
>divisions,
>1st and 13th tank divisions, 311st artillery
>missile
>brigade) with 312nd heavy artillery brigade,
>33rd antitank
>artillery brigade without 7th antitank artillery
>regiment,
>the 2nd bridge-building brigade without the
>71st
>bridge-building battalion, the 351st and 352nd
>engineering
>battalions of the 52nd engineering brigade.
>
>
>The immediate task is to defeat the enemy's
>group of the 2nd
>Army Corps of the FRG and the 7th US Army in
>interaction
>with the 8th Guards Army of the 1st Western
>Front, and to
>develop advance in the direction of Neustadt,
>Nuremberg,
>Ansbach, and with part of forces in interaction
>with units
>of the 8th Guards Army in the direction of Bamberg,
>by D1 to
>take control of the line Bayreuth, Amberg, Schmidmühlen;
>and
>by the end of D2 to arrive on the line Höchstadt,
>Schwabach,
>Heiden.
>
>The further task is to advance in the direction
>of Ansbach,
>Crailsheim, Stuttgart; to defeat the advancing
>operative
>reserves of the enemy, and by the end of D4
>take control of
>the line past Mosbach, Bietigheim, Nürtingen.
>
>
>Subsequently to be ready to develop the advance
>in the
>direction of Stuttgart, Strasbourg, Epinal.
>
>
>The dividing line on the left is Pobezovice,
>Schwandorf,
>Weissenburg, Heidenheim, Reutlingen (all the
>points except
>Heidenheim, are inclusive for the 1st Army).
>
>
>Headquarters – in the forest 1 kilometer
>south of Stribro.
>
>The axis of the movement is Stribro, Grafenwöhr,
>Ansbach,
>Schwäbisch Hall.
>
>
>
>5. The 4th Army (2nd and 15th mechanized rifle
>divisions,
>4th and 9th tank divisions, 321st artillery
>missile
>brigade) with7th antitank artillery brigade
>and 33rd
>antitank artillery brigade, 71st bridge-building
>battalion
>of the 2nd bridge-building brigade, 92nd bridge-building
>battalion and 353rd engineering battalion.
>
>The immediate task is to defeat the enemy group
>of the 2nd
>Army Corps of the FRG in cooperation with the
>troops of the
>1st Army and to develop advance in the direction
>of
>Regensburg, Ingolstadt, Donauwörth, and with
>part of forces
>in the direction Straubing, Munich; and by the
>end of D1 to
>take control of the line Schmidmühlen, Regensburg,
>Passau;
>by the end of D2 – Eichstätt, Moosburg, Mühldorf.
>
>
>The subsequent task is to advance in the direction
>of
>Donauwörth, Ulm, to defeat the advancing formations
>of the
>1st French Army and by the end of D4 to take
>control of the
>line Metzingen, Memmingen, Kaufbeuren.
>
>Subsequently to be ready to develop advance
>in the direction
>of Ulm, Mulhouse, Besançon. Headquarters –
>6 kilometers
>northwest of Strakonice.
>
>The axis of movement is – Strakonice, Klatovy,
>Falkenstein,
>Kelheim, Rennertshofen, Burgau.
>
>
>
>6. The Missile Forces of the Front must in
>the first
>nuclear strike destroy the group of forces of
>the 7th US
>Army, part of forces of the 2nd Army Corps of
>the FRG, and
>part of the air defense forces of the enemy.
>
>
>Subsequently, the main efforts should be concentrated
>on
>defeating the advancing operative and strategic
>reserves and
>also the newly discovered means of nuclear attack
>of the
>enemy.
>
>In order to fulfill the tasks set to the front,
>the
>following ammunition shall be used:
>
>-- for the immediate task--44 operative-tactical
>and
>tactical missiles with nuclear warheads;
>
>-- for the subsequent task--42 operative-tactical
>and
>tactical missiles with nuclear warheads;
>
>-- for unexpectedly arising tasks--10 operative-tactical
>and
>tactical missiles with nuclear warheads shall
>be left in the
>Front's reserve.
>
>The commander of Missile Forces shall receive
>special
>assembly brigades with special ammunition, which
>shall be
>transferred to the Czechoslovak Front in the
>following
>areas: 2 kilometers to the East of Jablonec,
>and 3
>kilometers to the East of Michalovce.
>
>The use of special ammunition–only with permission
>of the
>Supreme Commander of the Unified Armed Forces.
>
>
>
>
>7. Aviation. The 10th Air Force– the 1st
>fighter division,
>2nd and 34th fighter-bomber division, 25th bomber
>regiment,
>46th transport air division, 47thair reconnaissance
>regiment and 45th air reconnaissance regiment
>for target
>guidance.
>
>Combat tasks:
>
>With the first nuclear strike to destroy part
>of forces of
>the 2nd Army Corps of the FRG, two command and
>targeting
>centers, and part of the air defense forces
>of the enemy.
>
>Upon the beginning of combat actions to suppress
>part of air
>defense forces of the enemy in the following
>regions:
>Roding, Kirchroth, Hohenfels, Amberg, Pfreimd,
>Nagel, and
>Erbendorf.
>
>To uncover and destroy operative and tactical
>means of
>nuclear attack, command and control aviation
>forces in the
>following regions: Weiden, Nabburg, Amberg,
>Grafenwöhr,
>Hohenfels, Regensburg, and Erlangen.
>
>During the operation to give intensive support
>to combat
>actions of the troops of the front: on D1 –
>6 group sorties
>of fighter bombers, from D2 to D5 – 8 group
>sorties of
>fighter bombers and bombers daily, and from
>D6 to D8 – 6
>group sorties of fighter bombers and bombers
>daily. The
>main effort should be concentrated on supporting
>the troops
>of the 1st Army.
>
>In cooperation with forces and means of the
>air defense of
>the country, fronts and neighbors – to cover
>the main group
>of forces of the Front from air strikes by the
>enemy.
>
>To ensure the landing of reconnaissance troops
>and general
>airborne forces on D1 and D2 in the rear of
>the enemy.
>
>To ensure airborne landing of the 22nd airborne
>brigade on
>D4 in the area north of Stuttgart, or on D5
>in the area of
>Rastatt, or on D6 in the area to the east of
>Mulhouse.
>
>To carry out air reconnaissance with concentration
>of main
>effort on the direction of Nuremberg, Stuttgart,
>and
>Strasbourg with the goal of locating means of
>nuclear
>attack, and in order to determine in time the
>beginning of
>operations and the direction of the advancing
>operative
>reserves of the enemy.
>
>In order to fulfill the tasks set for the front,
>it will be
>required to use the following weapons:
>
>-- for the immediate task -- 10 nuclear bombs;
>
>-- for subsequent tasks – 7 nuclear bombs;
>
>-- for resolving unexpectedly arising tasks
>– 2 nuclear
>bombs shall be left in the Front's reserve.
>
>The 57th Air Force, consisting of the 131st
> fighter
>division, 289th fighter-bomber regiment, 230th
> and 733rd
>bomber regiment and 48th air reconnaissance
>regiment,
>arriving by D1 from the Carpathian military
>district, is to
>remain under operative subordination to the
>Czechoslovak
>Front until the fifth to sixth day for 5 army
>sorties.
>
>The Army has a determined the limit of: combat
>sets of air
>bombs – 3, combat sets of air-to-air missiles
> – 2, combat
>sets of aviation cartridges – 2, and fuel
>– 3 rounds of army
>refueling.
>
>Combat tasks:
>
>-- in cooperation with the 10th Air Force to
>find and
>destroy the means of nuclear attack of the enemy,
>its
>aviation and command and control centers with
>concentration
>of main efforts on the direction of Nuremberg,
>Strasbourg;
>
>-- to support combat actions of the troops of
>the Front when
>they force the rivers Naab, Neckar, Rhine, and
>when they
>counter attackof the enemy;
>
>-- to support combat actions of the 22nd airborne
>brigade in
>the areas of its landing;
>
>-- to protect the troops of the front from air
>strikes by
>the enemy;
>
>-- to carry out air reconnaissance with concentration
>of the
>main effort on discovering the means of nuclear
>attack and
>deep operative and strategic reserves of the
>enemy.
>
>The 184th heavy bomber regiment of long-range
>aviation
>should use nuclear bombs in the first nuclear
>strike against
>headquarters of the 2nd Army Corps of the FRG,
>7th US Army,
>2nd/40 Corporal artillery batallion, 2nd/82
>Corporal
>artillery batallion, 5th/73 Sergeant artillery
>batallion,
>and the main group of forces of the 4th mechanized
>division
>and 12th tank division of the 2nd Army Corps
>of the FRG.
>Total use of nuclear bombs – 16. Use of special
>combat
>ammunition –only with permission of the Supreme
>Commander of
>the Unified Armed Forces.
>
>
>
>8. Air Defense
>
>7th Air Defense Army of the country – 2nd
>and 3rd air
>defense corps.
>
>Combat tasks:
>
>-- in cooperation with air defense forces of
>the Front and
>the air defense of the neighbors in the united
>air defense
>system of countries of the Warsaw Treaty to
>repel massive
>air strikes of the enemy with concentration
>of main effort
>on the direction Karlsruhe, Prague, Ostrava.
>
>
>-- not to allow reconnaissance and air strikes
>of the enemy
>against our groups of forces, especially in
>the area of the
>Czech Lands, against aircraft on the airfields,
>and against
>important political and economic centers of
>the country, as
>well as communications centers. The main effort
>should be
>concentrated on protecting the areas of Prague,
>Ostrava,
>Brno and Bratislava;
>
> -- upon the beginning of combat actions, troops
>of the
>Czechoslovak Front with anti-aircraft missile
>forces to
>continue to defend most important areas and
>objects of the
>country, with forces of fighter aviation to
>defend objects
>of the Front after the advancing troops.
>
>
>Air Defense troops of the Front
>
>Combat tasks:
>
>--Upon the beginning of combat action of the
>Front, to take
>part in the general air defense system of the
>Warsaw Treaty
>countries with all forces and resources to cover
>the main
>group of the Front's troops.
>
>--During the operation, in cooperation with
>the 7th Air
>Defense Army, units of 10th and 57th Air Force
>and the air
>defense of the 1st Western Front, to cover the
>troops of the
>front from the air strikes of the enemy in the
>process of
>their passing over the border mountains, and
>also during the
>crossing of the rivers Neckar and Rhine to cover
>the missile
>forces and command and control centers
>
>
>
>9. The 22nd airborne brigade is to be ready
>to be deployed
>from the region of Prostejov, Niva, Brodek to
>the region
>north of Stuttgart on D4 or to the region of
>Rastatt on D5,
>or to the region to the east of Mulhouse on
>D6 with the task
>of capturing and holding river crossings on
>Neckar or Rhine
>until the arrival of our troops.
>
>
>
>10. Reserves of the Front.
>
>The 3rd, 18th, 26th, and 32nd mechanized rifle
>divisions of
>the Southern Group of Forces, the 14th and 17th
>tank
>divisions are to concentrate in the regions
>designated on
>the decision map in the period from D3 to D5.
>
>
>The 6th engineering brigade by D3 is to be concentrated
>in
>the region of Panensky Tynec, and Bor, past
>Slany, to be
>ready to ensure force crossing of the rivers
>Neckar and
>Rhine by the troops of the Front.
>
>The 103rd chemical warfare batallion from D2
>to be stationed
>in the region of Hlubos, past Pribram, past
>Dobris. The
>main effort of radiation reconnaissance should
>be
>concentrated in the region of Horovice, Blovice,
>and
>Sedlcany.
>
>Objects of special treatment should be deployed
>in the areas
>of deployment of command and control centers
>of the Front,
>the 331st front brigade, and also in the regions
>of
>concentration of the reserve divisions of the
>Front.
>
>
>
>11. Material Maintenance of the Rear The main
>effort in the
>material maintenance of the rear of the troops
>of the Front
>should be concentrated throughout the entire
>depth of the
>operation in the area of the 1st Army's advance.
>
>
>To support the troops of the 1st Army, the 10th
>and 57th Air
>Forces should deploy to the forward front base
>number 1 and
>the base of the 10th Air Force in the region
>to the West of
>Plzeň by the end of D2; troops of the 4th
>Army should
>deploy the forward front base number 2 in the
>region to the
>south of Plzeň.
>
>Field pipeline is to be deployed in the direction
>of
>Roudnice, Plzeň, Nuremberg, and Karlsruhe and
>used for
>provision of aircraft fuel.
>
>Rebuilding of railroads should be planned on
>the directions
>Cheb-Nuremberg or
>Domazlice-Schwandorf-Regensburg-Donauwörth.
>
>
>Two roads should be built following the 1st
>Army, and one
>front road throughout the entire depth of the
>operation
>following the 4th Army.
>
>The Ministry of National Defense of the CSSR
>will assign
>material resources, including full replacement
>of the
>ammunition used during the operation for the
>troops of the
>Czechoslovak Front.
>
>Support for the 57th Air Force should be planned
>taking into
>account the material resources located in the
>territory of
>the CSSR for the Unified Command.
>
>Use of material resources should be planned
>as follows:
>
>-- ammunition – 45,000 tons
>
>-- combustible-lubricating oil – 93, 000 tons
>
>-- including aircraft fuel – 40, 000 tons
>
>-- missile fuel:
>
>-- oxidizer--220 tons
>
>-- missile fuel – 70 tons
>
>Automobile transportation of the Front should
>be able to
>supply the troops with 70, 000 tons of cargo
>during the
>operation.
>
>Transportation of the troops should be able
>to carry 58, 000
>tons of cargo. By the end of the operation the
>troops should
>have 80% of mobile reserves available. In D1
>and D2 hospital
>bed network for 10 to 12 thousand sick and wounded
>personnel
>is to be deployed.
>
>By the end of the operation the hospital bed
>network should
>cover 18% of the hospital losses of the Front.
>
>
>
>
>12. Headquarters of the Front should be deployed
>from the
>time "X" plus 6 hours –5 kilometers to the
>east of Strasice.
>The axis of movement – Heilbronn, Horb, Epinal.
>
>Reserve Command Post – forest, to the north
>of Brezova
>
>Advanced Command Post – forest 5 kilometers
>to the east of
>Dobrany
>
>
>Rear Command Post – Jince-Obecnice
>
>Reserve Rear Command Post – past Dobrany,
>Slapy, past Mnise
>
>Headquarters of MNO – object K-116, Prague.
>
>
>
>
>
>Minister of National Defense of the CSSR
>
>General of the Army [signed] Bohumir Lomsky
>
>Head of the General Staff of Czechoslovak People's
>Army
>
>Colonel General [signed] Otakar Rytir
>
>
>
>Head of the Operations Department of the General
>Staff
>
>Major General [signed] Vaclav Vitanovsky
>
>11 October 1964
>
>
>
>[Rectangular seal:]
>
>Ministry of National Defense
>
>General Staff – Operations Department
>
>Section: Operations Room
>
>Received: 20.10.1964
>
>No. 008074/ZD-OS 64, 17 sheets
>
>
>
>Executed in one copy of 17 sheets
>
>Executed by Major General Jan Vostera
>
>
> [signed] Gen.
>Vostera
>
>14 October 1964
>
>
>
>[Translated from the original Russian by Dr.
>Svetlana
>Savranskaya, Research Fellow, National Security
>Archive,
>George Washington University, and Anna Locher,
>Research
>Assistant, Center for Security Studies and Conflict
>Research, Zurich.]
>
>
>
I would bet that after '68 the Soviets probably made sure the Czechs didn't
get any nukes in war planning. And aren't they being very optimistic about
keeping the armed forces intact after the first day or so of a major nuke
exchange?
Posted via www.My-Newsgroups.com - web to news gateway for usenet access!
>In article >
(Phil McGregor) wrote:
>
(mike) wrote in message
>...
>>> Oliver Neukum > wrote in
>message >...
>>
>>> > > But your query assumes that the USSR
>believes in the possibility of a
>>> > > "limited" nuclear war ... Soviet commanders
>simply couldn't believe
>>> > > the massive stupidity of the US analysts
>who proposed the idea. They
>>> > > made it plain in their own comments that
>there was no such thing ...
>>>
>>> Well, a 'limited' war is one that was only
>to be done in Europe only,
>>> in Pentagon think.
>>
>>Nope. "Limited" Nuclear Wars are ones that
>were "limited" to 100 nukes
>>a side (I think) ... the detailed, scary, stuff
>is out there doing a
>>Google search under "Limited Nuclear War" +
>Plans ... including ...
>>
>>www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa009.html
>>
>>and
>>
>>www.is.wayne.edu/mnissani/pagepub/ch2.html
>>
>>The assumption was a minimum 100 million dead
>in *each* of the US and
>>USSR ... I dunno if that includes Warpac or
>Nato deaths as well, I
>>don't think so.
>>
>>A "moderate" assumption was 1 billion dead
>worldwide.
>>
>>And this was a *limited* war :-P
>>
>>Phil
>
>
>You are right - in the case of war, only the
>Czechoslovak
>army planned to use 131 nuclear weapons...
>
>
>from the Cold War Parallel History site
>
>http://www.isn.ethz.ch/php/collections/coll_1.htm
>
>
>
>Plan of Actions of the Czechoslovak People's
>Army for War
>Period
>
>Map 1: 500,000, published 1963
>
>
>"Approved"
>Single Copy
>
>Supreme Commander
>
>of the Armed Forces of the CSSR
>
>Antonin Novotny
>
>1964
>
>
>
>1. Conclusions from the assessment of the enemy
>
>The enemy could use up to 12 general military
>units on the
>Central European military theater for advancing
>in the area
>of the Czechoslovak Front from D1 to D 7-8.
>
>-- The 2nd Army Corps of the FRG [Federal Republic
>of
>Germany] including: 4th and 10th mechanized
>divisions, 12th
>tank division, 1st airborne division and 1st
>mountain
>division,
>
>-- the 7th Army Corps of the USA including:
>the 24th
>mechanized division and 4th armored tank division;
>
>-- the 1st Army of France including: 3rd mechanized
>division, the 1st and 7th tank divisions, and
>up to two
>newly deployed units, including 6 launchers
>of tactical
>missiles, up to 130 theater launchers and artillery,
>and up
>to 2800 tanks.
>
>Operations of the ground troops could be supported
>by part
>of the 40th Air Force, with up to 900 aircraft,
>including
>250 bombers and up to 40 airborne missile launchers.
>
>Judging by the composition of the group of NATO
>troops and
>our assessment of the exercises undertaken by
>the NATO
>command, one could anticipate the design of
>the enemy's
>actions with the following goals.
>
>To disorganize the leadership of the state and
>to undermine
>mobilization of armed forces by surprise nuclear
>strikes
>against the main political and economic centers
>of the
>country.
>
>To critically change the correlation of forces
>in its own
>favor by strikes against the troops, airfields
>and
>communication centers.
>
>To destroy the border troops of the Czechoslovak
>People's
>Army in border battles, and to destroy the main
>group of our
>troops in the Western and Central Czech Lands
>by building
>upon the initial attack.
>
>To disrupt the arrival of strategic reserves
>in the regions
>of Krkonose, Jeseniky, and Moravska Brana by
>nuclear strikes
>against targets deep in our territory and by
>sending
>airborne assault troops; to create conditions
>for a
>successful attainment of the goals of the operation.
>
>
>Judging by the enemy's approximate operative
>design, the
>combat actions of both sides in the initial
>period of the
>war will have a character of forward contact
>battles.
>
>The operative group of the enemy in the southern
>part of the
>FRG will force the NATO command to gradually
>engage a number
>of their units in the battle, which will create
>an
>opportunity for the Czechoslovak Front to defeat
>NATO forces
>unit by unit. At the same time, that would
>require building
>a powerful first echelon in the operative structure
>of the
>Front; and to achieve success it would require
>building up
>reserves that would be capable of mobilizing
>very quickly
>and move into the area of military action in
>a very short
>time.
>
>
>
>2. Upon receiving special instructions from
>the Supreme
>Commander of the Unified Armed Forces, the Czechoslovak
>People's Army will deploy to the Czechoslovak
>Front with the
>following tasks:
>
>To be ready to start advancing toward Nuremberg,
>Stuttgart
>and Munich with part of forces immediately after
>the nuclear
>strike. Nuclear strike against the troops of
>the enemy
>should be targeted to the depth up to the line
>Würzburg,
>Erlangen, Regensburg, Landshut.
>
>The immediate task is to defeat the main forces
>of the
>Central Group of the German Army in the southern
>part of the
>FRG, in cooperation with the [Soviet] 8th Guards
>Army of the
>1st Western Front; by the end of the first day--reach
>the
>line Bayreuth, Regensburg, Passau; and by the
>end of the
>second day--move to the line Höchstadt, Schwabach,
>Ingolstadt, Mühldorf, and by the fourth day
>of the attack
>--reach the line Mosbach, Nürtingen, Memmingen,
>Kaufbeuren.
>
>In the future, building upon the advance in
>the direction of
>Strasbourg, Epinal, Dijon, to finalize the defeat
>of the
>enemy in the territory of the FRG, to force
>a crossing of
>the river Rhine, and on the seventh or eighth
>day of the
>operation to take hold of the line Langres,
>Besançon.
>
>Afterward develop the advance toward Lyon.
>
>To have in the combat disposition of the Czechoslovak
>Front
>the following units:
>
>-- the 1st and 4th Armies, 10th Air Army, 331st
>front
>missile brigade, 11th, 21st and the 31st mobile
>missile
>support base in the state of combat alert.
>
>-- the reserve center of the Army, the 3rd,
>18th, 26th, and
>32nd mechanized rifle divisions, 14th and 17th
>tank
>divisions, 22nd airborne brigade, 205th antitank
>brigade,
>303rd air defense division, 201st and 202nd
>air defense
>regiments with mobilization timetable from M1
>to M3.
>
>-- the formations, units and facilities of the
>support and
>service system.
>
>The 57th Air Army, arriving on D1 from the Carpathian
>military district before the fifth or sixth
>day of the
>operation, will be operatively subordinated
>to the
>Czechoslovak Front. If Austria keeps its neutrality
>on the
>third day of the war, one mechanized rifle division
>of the
>Southern Group of Forces will arrive in the
>area of Ceske
>Budejovice and join the Czechoslovak Front.
>The following
>forces will remain at the disposal of the Ministry
>of
>National Defense: the 7th air defense army,
>24th mechanized
>rifle division and 16th tank division with readiness
>M20,
>reconnaissance units, and also units and facilities
>of the
>support and service system. Under favorable
>conditions two
>missile brigades and one mobile missile support
>base will
>arrive some time in advance in the territory
>of the CSSR
>from the Carpathian military district:
>
>-- 35th missile brigade--past Cesky Brod, past
> Ricany,
>Zasmuky,
>
>-- 36th missile brigade – past Pacov, past
>Pelhrimov, past
>Humpolec,
>
>-- 3486th mobile missile support base – woods
>5 kilometers
>to the East of Svetla.
>
>Formations and units of the Czechoslovak People's
>Army, on
>permanent alert, upon the announcement of combat
>alarm
>should leave their permanent location in no
>more than 30
>minutes, move to designated areas within 3 hours,
>and deploy
>there ready to carry out their combat tasks.
>Formations,
>units and headquarters that do not have set
>mobilization
>dates, leave their locations of permanent deployment
>and
>take up the identified areas of concentration
>in the time
>and in the order determined by the plan of mobilization
>and
>deployment. The following disposition of forces
>is possible
>in the area of operations of the Czechoslovak
>Front for the
>entire depth of the operation:
>
>-- in divisions – 1.1 to 1.0
>
>-- in tanks and mobile artillery launchers –
>1.0 to 1.0
>
>-- in artillery and mine-launchers – 1.0 to
>1.0
>
>-- in military aircraft – 1.1 to 1.0, all
>in favor of the
>Czechoslovak Front.
>
>In the first massive nuclear strike by the troops
>of the
>Missile Forces of the Czechoslovak Front, the
>front aviation
>and long-range aviation added to the front must
>destroy the
>main group of troops of the first operations
>echelon of the
>7th US Army, its means of nuclear attack, and
>the centers of
>command and control of the aviation.
>
>During the development of the operation, the
>troops of the
>Missile Forces and aviation must destroy the
>approaching
>deep operative reserves, the newly discovered
>means of
>nuclear attack, and the enemy aviation.
>
>Altogether the operation will require the use
>of 131 nuclear
>missiles and nuclear bombs; specifically 96
>missiles and 35
>nuclear bombs. The first nuclear strike will
>use 41
>missiles and nuclear bombs. The immediate task
>will require
>using 29 missiles and nuclear bombs. The subsequent
>task
>could use 49 missiles and nuclear bombs. 12
>missiles and
>nuclear bombs should remain in the reserve of
>the Front.
>
>Building on the results of the first nuclear
>strike, the
>troops of the Front, in coordination with units
>of the 1st
>Western Front must destroy the main group of
>troops of the
>7th US Army and the 1st French Army in cooperation
>with
>airborne assault troops, force the rivers Neckar
>and Rhine
>in crossing, and defeat the advancing deep strategic
>reserves of the enemy in advancing battle, and
>by D7-8 take
>control of the areas of Langres, Besançon,
>and Epinal.
>
>Upon completion of the tasks of the operation
>the troops
>must be ready to develop further advances in
>the direction
>of Lyon.
>
>The main strike should be concentrated in the
>direction of
>Nuremberg, Stuttgart, Strasbourg, Epinal, Dijon;
>part of the
>forces should be used on the direction of Straubing
>and
>Munich.
>
>The operative structure of the troops of the
>Czechoslovak
>Front is to be in one echelon with separation
>of two tank
>and five mechanized rifle divisions for the
>reserve as they
>arrive and are deployed. The first echelon shall
>consist of
>the 1st and 4th armies and the 331st front missile
>brigade.
>
>The reserve of the front includes: Headquarters
>of the 2nd
>Army (reserve), mechanized rifle division of
>the Southern
>Group of Forces by D3, 14th tank division by
>D3, 17th tank
>division by D4, 3rd mechanized rifle division
>by D3, 26th
>mechanized rifle division by D4, 18th mechanized
>rifle
>division by D5, and 32nd mechanized rifle division
>by D6.
>
>Special reserves include: 22nd airborne brigade
>by D2, 103rd
>chemical warfare batallion by D2, 6th engineering
>brigade by
>D3, and 205th antitank artillery by D4.
>
>
>
>3. On the right – the 8th Guards Army of
>the 1st Western
>Front advances in the direction of Suhl, Bad
>Kissingen, and
>Worms and with part of its forces to Bamberg.
>
>
>The separation line with the Army is the CSSR-GDR
>border as
>far as As, then Bayreuth, Mosbach, and Sarrebourg,
>Chaumont
>(all points exclusively for the Czechoslovak
>Front).
>
>The meeting point with the 8th Guards Army should
>be
>supported by the forces and means of the Czechoslovak
>Front.
>
>On the left – the Southern Group of Forces
>and the Hungarian
>People's Army will cover the state borders of
>Hungary.
>
>The dividing line with them: state border of
>the CSSR with
>the Hungarian People's Republic, and then the
>northern
>borders of Austria, Switzerland, and Italy.
>
>
>
>
>4. The 1st Army (19th and 20th mechanized rifle
>divisions,
>1st and 13th tank divisions, 311st artillery
>missile
>brigade) with 312nd heavy artillery brigade,
>33rd antitank
>artillery brigade without 7th antitank artillery
>regiment,
>the 2nd bridge-building brigade without the
>71st
>bridge-building battalion, the 351st and 352nd
>engineering
>battalions of the 52nd engineering brigade.
>
>
>The immediate task is to defeat the enemy's
>group of the 2nd
>Army Corps of the FRG and the 7th US Army in
>interaction
>with the 8th Guards Army of the 1st Western
>Front, and to
>develop advance in the direction of Neustadt,
>Nuremberg,
>Ansbach, and with part of forces in interaction
>with units
>of the 8th Guards Army in the direction of Bamberg,
>by D1 to
>take control of the line Bayreuth, Amberg, Schmidmühlen;
>and
>by the end of D2 to arrive on the line Höchstadt,
>Schwabach,
>Heiden.
>
>The further task is to advance in the direction
>of Ansbach,
>Crailsheim, Stuttgart; to defeat the advancing
>operative
>reserves of the enemy, and by the end of D4
>take control of
>the line past Mosbach, Bietigheim, Nürtingen.
>
>
>Subsequently to be ready to develop the advance
>in the
>direction of Stuttgart, Strasbourg, Epinal.
>
>
>The dividing line on the left is Pobezovice,
>Schwandorf,
>Weissenburg, Heidenheim, Reutlingen (all the
>points except
>Heidenheim, are inclusive for the 1st Army).
>
>
>Headquarters – in the forest 1 kilometer
>south of Stribro.
>
>The axis of the movement is Stribro, Grafenwöhr,
>Ansbach,
>Schwäbisch Hall.
>
>
>
>5. The 4th Army (2nd and 15th mechanized rifle
>divisions,
>4th and 9th tank divisions, 321st artillery
>missile
>brigade) with7th antitank artillery brigade
>and 33rd
>antitank artillery brigade, 71st bridge-building
>battalion
>of the 2nd bridge-building brigade, 92nd bridge-building
>battalion and 353rd engineering battalion.
>
>The immediate task is to defeat the enemy group
>of the 2nd
>Army Corps of the FRG in cooperation with the
>troops of the
>1st Army and to develop advance in the direction
>of
>Regensburg, Ingolstadt, Donauwörth, and with
>part of forces
>in the direction Straubing, Munich; and by the
>end of D1 to
>take control of the line Schmidmühlen, Regensburg,
>Passau;
>by the end of D2 – Eichstätt, Moosburg, Mühldorf.
>
>
>The subsequent task is to advance in the direction
>of
>Donauwörth, Ulm, to defeat the advancing formations
>of the
>1st French Army and by the end of D4 to take
>control of the
>line Metzingen, Memmingen, Kaufbeuren.
>
>Subsequently to be ready to develop advance
>in the direction
>of Ulm, Mulhouse, Besançon. Headquarters –
>6 kilometers
>northwest of Strakonice.
>
>The axis of movement is – Strakonice, Klatovy,
>Falkenstein,
>Kelheim, Rennertshofen, Burgau.
>
>
>
>6. The Missile Forces of the Front must in
>the first
>nuclear strike destroy the group of forces of
>the 7th US
>Army, part of forces of the 2nd Army Corps of
>the FRG, and
>part of the air defense forces of the enemy.
>
>
>Subsequently, the main efforts should be concentrated
>on
>defeating the advancing operative and strategic
>reserves and
>also the newly discovered means of nuclear attack
>of the
>enemy.
>
>In order to fulfill the tasks set to the front,
>the
>following ammunition shall be used:
>
>-- for the immediate task--44 operative-tactical
>and
>tactical missiles with nuclear warheads;
>
>-- for the subsequent task--42 operative-tactical
>and
>tactical missiles with nuclear warheads;
>
>-- for unexpectedly arising tasks--10 operative-tactical
>and
>tactical missiles with nuclear warheads shall
>be left in the
>Front's reserve.
>
>The commander of Missile Forces shall receive
>special
>assembly brigades with special ammunition, which
>shall be
>transferred to the Czechoslovak Front in the
>following
>areas: 2 kilometers to the East of Jablonec,
>and 3
>kilometers to the East of Michalovce.
>
>The use of special ammunition–only with permission
>of the
>Supreme Commander of the Unified Armed Forces.
>
>
>
>
>7. Aviation. The 10th Air Force– the 1st
>fighter division,
>2nd and 34th fighter-bomber division, 25th bomber
>regiment,
>46th transport air division, 47thair reconnaissance
>regiment and 45th air reconnaissance regiment
>for target
>guidance.
>
>Combat tasks:
>
>With the first nuclear strike to destroy part
>of forces of
>the 2nd Army Corps of the FRG, two command and
>targeting
>centers, and part of the air defense forces
>of the enemy.
>
>Upon the beginning of combat actions to suppress
>part of air
>defense forces of the enemy in the following
>regions:
>Roding, Kirchroth, Hohenfels, Amberg, Pfreimd,
>Nagel, and
>Erbendorf.
>
>To uncover and destroy operative and tactical
>means of
>nuclear attack, command and control aviation
>forces in the
>following regions: Weiden, Nabburg, Amberg,
>Grafenwöhr,
>Hohenfels, Regensburg, and Erlangen.
>
>During the operation to give intensive support
>to combat
>actions of the troops of the front: on D1 –
>6 group sorties
>of fighter bombers, from D2 to D5 – 8 group
>sorties of
>fighter bombers and bombers daily, and from
>D6 to D8 – 6
>group sorties of fighter bombers and bombers
>daily. The
>main effort should be concentrated on supporting
>the troops
>of the 1st Army.
>
>In cooperation with forces and means of the
>air defense of
>the country, fronts and neighbors – to cover
>the main group
>of forces of the Front from air strikes by the
>enemy.
>
>To ensure the landing of reconnaissance troops
>and general
>airborne forces on D1 and D2 in the rear of
>the enemy.
>
>To ensure airborne landing of the 22nd airborne
>brigade on
>D4 in the area north of Stuttgart, or on D5
>in the area of
>Rastatt, or on D6 in the area to the east of
>Mulhouse.
>
>To carry out air reconnaissance with concentration
>of main
>effort on the direction of Nuremberg, Stuttgart,
>and
>Strasbourg with the goal of locating means of
>nuclear
>attack, and in order to determine in time the
>beginning of
>operations and the direction of the advancing
>operative
>reserves of the enemy.
>
>In order to fulfill the tasks set for the front,
>it will be
>required to use the following weapons:
>
>-- for the immediate task -- 10 nuclear bombs;
>
>-- for subsequent tasks – 7 nuclear bombs;
>
>-- for resolving unexpectedly arising tasks
>– 2 nuclear
>bombs shall be left in the Front's reserve.
>
>The 57th Air Force, consisting of the 131st
> fighter
>division, 289th fighter-bomber regiment, 230th
> and 733rd
>bomber regiment and 48th air reconnaissance
>regiment,
>arriving by D1 from the Carpathian military
>district, is to
>remain under operative subordination to the
>Czechoslovak
>Front until the fifth to sixth day for 5 army
>sorties.
>
>The Army has a determined the limit of: combat
>sets of air
>bombs – 3, combat sets of air-to-air missiles
> – 2, combat
>sets of aviation cartridges – 2, and fuel
>– 3 rounds of army
>refueling.
>
>Combat tasks:
>
>-- in cooperation with the 10th Air Force to
>find and
>destroy the means of nuclear attack of the enemy,
>its
>aviation and command and control centers with
>concentration
>of main efforts on the direction of Nuremberg,
>Strasbourg;
>
>-- to support combat actions of the troops of
>the Front when
>they force the rivers Naab, Neckar, Rhine, and
>when they
>counter attackof the enemy;
>
>-- to support combat actions of the 22nd airborne
>brigade in
>the areas of its landing;
>
>-- to protect the troops of the front from air
>strikes by
>the enemy;
>
>-- to carry out air reconnaissance with concentration
>of the
>main effort on discovering the means of nuclear
>attack and
>deep operative and strategic reserves of the
>enemy.
>
>The 184th heavy bomber regiment of long-range
>aviation
>should use nuclear bombs in the first nuclear
>strike against
>headquarters of the 2nd Army Corps of the FRG,
>7th US Army,
>2nd/40 Corporal artillery batallion, 2nd/82
>Corporal
>artillery batallion, 5th/73 Sergeant artillery
>batallion,
>and the main group of forces of the 4th mechanized
>division
>and 12th tank division of the 2nd Army Corps
>of the FRG.
>Total use of nuclear bombs – 16. Use of special
>combat
>ammunition –only with permission of the Supreme
>Commander of
>the Unified Armed Forces.
>
>
>
>8. Air Defense
>
>7th Air Defense Army of the country – 2nd
>and 3rd air
>defense corps.
>
>Combat tasks:
>
>-- in cooperation with air defense forces of
>the Front and
>the air defense of the neighbors in the united
>air defense
>system of countries of the Warsaw Treaty to
>repel massive
>air strikes of the enemy with concentration
>of main effort
>on the direction Karlsruhe, Prague, Ostrava.
>
>
>-- not to allow reconnaissance and air strikes
>of the enemy
>against our groups of forces, especially in
>the area of the
>Czech Lands, against aircraft on the airfields,
>and against
>important political and economic centers of
>the country, as
>well as communications centers. The main effort
>should be
>concentrated on protecting the areas of Prague,
>Ostrava,
>Brno and Bratislava;
>
> -- upon the beginning of combat actions, troops
>of the
>Czechoslovak Front with anti-aircraft missile
>forces to
>continue to defend most important areas and
>objects of the
>country, with forces of fighter aviation to
>defend objects
>of the Front after the advancing troops.
>
>
>Air Defense troops of the Front
>
>Combat tasks:
>
>--Upon the beginning of combat action of the
>Front, to take
>part in the general air defense system of the
>Warsaw Treaty
>countries with all forces and resources to cover
>the main
>group of the Front's troops.
>
>--During the operation, in cooperation with
>the 7th Air
>Defense Army, units of 10th and 57th Air Force
>and the air
>defense of the 1st Western Front, to cover the
>troops of the
>front from the air strikes of the enemy in the
>process of
>their passing over the border mountains, and
>also during the
>crossing of the rivers Neckar and Rhine to cover
>the missile
>forces and command and control centers
>
>
>
>9. The 22nd airborne brigade is to be ready
>to be deployed
>from the region of Prostejov, Niva, Brodek to
>the region
>north of Stuttgart on D4 or to the region of
>Rastatt on D5,
>or to the region to the east of Mulhouse on
>D6 with the task
>of capturing and holding river crossings on
>Neckar or Rhine
>until the arrival of our troops.
>
>
>
>10. Reserves of the Front.
>
>The 3rd, 18th, 26th, and 32nd mechanized rifle
>divisions of
>the Southern Group of Forces, the 14th and 17th
>tank
>divisions are to concentrate in the regions
>designated on
>the decision map in the period from D3 to D5.
>
>
>The 6th engineering brigade by D3 is to be concentrated
>in
>the region of Panensky Tynec, and Bor, past
>Slany, to be
>ready to ensure force crossing of the rivers
>Neckar and
>Rhine by the troops of the Front.
>
>The 103rd chemical warfare batallion from D2
>to be stationed
>in the region of Hlubos, past Pribram, past
>Dobris. The
>main effort of radiation reconnaissance should
>be
>concentrated in the region of Horovice, Blovice,
>and
>Sedlcany.
>
>Objects of special treatment should be deployed
>in the areas
>of deployment of command and control centers
>of the Front,
>the 331st front brigade, and also in the regions
>of
>concentration of the reserve divisions of the
>Front.
>
>
>
>11. Material Maintenance of the Rear The main
>effort in the
>material maintenance of the rear of the troops
>of the Front
>should be concentrated throughout the entire
>depth of the
>operation in the area of the 1st Army's advance.
>
>
>To support the troops of the 1st Army, the 10th
>and 57th Air
>Forces should deploy to the forward front base
>number 1 and
>the base of the 10th Air Force in the region
>to the West of
>Plzeň by the end of D2; troops of the 4th
>Army should
>deploy the forward front base number 2 in the
>region to the
>south of Plzeň.
>
>Field pipeline is to be deployed in the direction
>of
>Roudnice, Plzeň, Nuremberg, and Karlsruhe and
>used for
>provision of aircraft fuel.
>
>Rebuilding of railroads should be planned on
>the directions
>Cheb-Nuremberg or
>Domazlice-Schwandorf-Regensburg-Donauwörth.
>
>
>Two roads should be built following the 1st
>Army, and one
>front road throughout the entire depth of the
>operation
>following the 4th Army.
>
>The Ministry of National Defense of the CSSR
>will assign
>material resources, including full replacement
>of the
>ammunition used during the operation for the
>troops of the
>Czechoslovak Front.
>
>Support for the 57th Air Force should be planned
>taking into
>account the material resources located in the
>territory of
>the CSSR for the Unified Command.
>
>Use of material resources should be planned
>as follows:
>
>-- ammunition – 45,000 tons
>
>-- combustible-lubricating oil – 93, 000 tons
>
>-- including aircraft fuel – 40, 000 tons
>
>-- missile fuel:
>
>-- oxidizer--220 tons
>
>-- missile fuel – 70 tons
>
>Automobile transportation of the Front should
>be able to
>supply the troops with 70, 000 tons of cargo
>during the
>operation.
>
>Transportation of the troops should be able
>to carry 58, 000
>tons of cargo. By the end of the operation the
>troops should
>have 80% of mobile reserves available. In D1
>and D2 hospital
>bed network for 10 to 12 thousand sick and wounded
>personnel
>is to be deployed.
>
>By the end of the operation the hospital bed
>network should
>cover 18% of the hospital losses of the Front.
>
>
>
>
>12. Headquarters of the Front should be deployed
>from the
>time "X" plus 6 hours –5 kilometers to the
>east of Strasice.
>The axis of movement – Heilbronn, Horb, Epinal.
>
>Reserve Command Post – forest, to the north
>of Brezova
>
>Advanced Command Post – forest 5 kilometers
>to the east of
>Dobrany
>
>
>Rear Command Post – Jince-Obecnice
>
>Reserve Rear Command Post – past Dobrany,
>Slapy, past Mnise
>
>Headquarters of MNO – object K-116, Prague.
>
>
>
>
>
>Minister of National Defense of the CSSR
>
>General of the Army [signed] Bohumir Lomsky
>
>Head of the General Staff of Czechoslovak People's
>Army
>
>Colonel General [signed] Otakar Rytir
>
>
>
>Head of the Operations Department of the General
>Staff
>
>Major General [signed] Vaclav Vitanovsky
>
>11 October 1964
>
>
>
>[Rectangular seal:]
>
>Ministry of National Defense
>
>General Staff – Operations Department
>
>Section: Operations Room
>
>Received: 20.10.1964
>
>No. 008074/ZD-OS 64, 17 sheets
>
>
>
>Executed in one copy of 17 sheets
>
>Executed by Major General Jan Vostera
>
>
> [signed] Gen.
>Vostera
>
>14 October 1964
>
>
>
>[Translated from the original Russian by Dr.
>Svetlana
>Savranskaya, Research Fellow, National Security
>Archive,
>George Washington University, and Anna Locher,
>Research
>Assistant, Center for Security Studies and Conflict
>Research, Zurich.]
>
>
>
I would bet that after '68 the Soviets probably made sure the Czechs didn't
get any nukes in war planning. And aren't they being very optimistic about
keeping the armed forces intact after the first day or so of a major nuke
exchange?
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