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Bill Daniels wrote:
Sailplanes are the key to understanding the advantages of composite structures. Current sailplane design is several decades ahead of composite airplane design in this area. Sailplane performance MUST come from aerodynamics and structures since there is no other way to get it. (You can't cover up a bad airframe design with more power) Composites are indeed heavier than metal but if carbon fiber is used, not that much heavier. The real payoff is in the extremely smooth surfaces that promote natural laminar flow. The payoff is huge across the entire speed spectrum but highest at the low speed end where the flow is less stable and more likely to separate if the wing surfaces are rough. The effect of weight and drag is easy to compute. Just divide the aircraft weight by L/D ratio to get the drag. Weight has an effect but L/D has a bigger effect. Slick, high aspect ratio wings are the future. The trouble is that a little bit of dirt, bugs or ice and you can lose a lot of lift in a hurry. This may not be a big deal for gliders, but for powered planes that fly in real weather a more tolerant airfoil isn't such a bad deal. Matt |
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