IR written Primary/Secondary instrument questions

It is actually a lot more obvious than they make it out to be. Primary
for straight and level is altimeter and heading indicator. If you
think about it, that is the very definition of straight and level.
Straight means constant heading, level means constant altitude. The
primary for constant-airspeed straight-ahead climb is airspeed and
heading. Again, you can figure that from the definition
constant-airspeed and straight. The only exception is, attitude
indicator becomes primary anytime you make a large pitch or bank
change.

The supporting instruments can be a bit obscure. I treat every
instrument on the panel as a supporting instrument.




(Jeremy) wrote in message . com...
I'm studying for my written and having an awful time with the
questions dealing with primary/secondary instruments for
pitch/bank/power during various phases of flight. The distinctions
appear to be senseless hair splitting, and I'm getting them mostly
wrong in the practice tests. Some of this is due to my study
materials explaining which is the right answer, but not really *why*.
Is there any way to logically learn this in a way I have a prayer of
remembering, or do I just have to memorize the matrix?

Thanks,
Jeremy

I do too, but that simply makes the answers more obscure-seeming.
Anyway, I just completed that section of the test bank flawlessly after
following everyone's advice (Bob G's "which instrument do you NOT want to
move" tip was especially helpful).

Thanks,
Jeremy

"Andrew Sarangan" wrote in message
om...

The supporting instruments can be a bit obscure. I treat every
instrument on the panel as a supporting instrument.

Jeremy wrote:
: I'm studying for my written and having an awful time with the
: questions dealing with primary/secondary instruments for
: pitch/bank/power during various phases of flight. The distinctions
: appear to be senseless hair splitting, and I'm getting them mostly
: wrong in the practice tests. Some of this is due to my study
: materials explaining which is the right answer, but not really *why*.
: Is there any way to logically learn this in a way I have a prayer of
: remembering, or do I just have to memorize the matrix?

Of course I'm an electrical engineering graduate student, so I've got math on
the brain, but I thought of it as two different types of manuvers. Transition and
steady-state. Transition is almost always an AI primary.

Steady-state is whatever presents the mathematically integrated data.
Altimeter integrates VSI, DG integrates bank, Airspeed integrates power. Those would
be primary for their respective steady-state flight regimes.

Not sure if that helps anyone else but me, but it might... never know!

-Cory

--
************************************************** ***********************
* The prime directive of Linux: *
* - learn what you don't know, *
* - teach what you do. *
* (Just my 20 USm$) *
************************************************** ***********************

wrote in message
...
Jeremy wrote:
: I'm studying for my written and having an awful time with the
: questions dealing with primary/secondary instruments for
: pitch/bank/power during various phases of flight. The distinctions
: appear to be senseless hair splitting, and I'm getting them mostly
: wrong in the practice tests. Some of this is due to my study
: materials explaining which is the right answer, but not really *why*.
: Is there any way to logically learn this in a way I have a prayer of
: remembering, or do I just have to memorize the matrix?

Of course I'm an electrical engineering graduate student, so I've got math
on
the brain, but I thought of it as two different types of manuvers.
Transition and
steady-state. Transition is almost always an AI primary.

The issue is one of probabilitys and certification to those probabilities.
A Primary instrument is going to have to meet a higher expectaion of correct
operation. So you see, it is math, in a Mil-Hbk 217F sort of way.

Steady-state is whatever presents the mathematically integrated data.
Altimeter integrates VSI, DG integrates bank, Airspeed integrates power.
Those would
be primary for their respective steady-state flight regimes.

Not sure if that helps anyone else but me, but it might... never know!

It is the real answer.

A Primary instrument is going to have to meet a higher expectaion of correct
operation.


Huh? The "correctness" of operation doesn't depend on flight regeme, but
primary/secondary (if you use that methodology) does. It has nothing to do
with "correcness" of operation, but on immediacy and relevance of input.

Jose

--
(for Email, make the obvious changes in my address)

"Teacherjh" wrote in message
...

A Primary instrument is going to have to meet a higher expectaion of
correct
operation.


Huh? The "correctness" of operation doesn't depend on flight regeme, but
primary/secondary (if you use that methodology) does. It has nothing to
do
with "correcness" of operation, but on immediacy and relevance of input.

What you write is arguable, but what I wrote is fact.

"Tarver Engineering" wrote in message ...

"Teacherjh" wrote in message
...

A Primary instrument is going to have to meet a higher expectaion of
correct
operation.


Huh? The "correctness" of operation doesn't depend on flight regeme, but
primary/secondary (if you use that methodology) does. It has nothing to
do
with "correcness" of operation, but on immediacy and relevance of input.

What you write is arguable, but what I wrote is fact.

Fact, but nonsequitor. He's not using primary in the same way you are.
In your context, all of the instruments are "primary flight instruments."
In the context of the FAA pedantry for the instrument knowledge test,
those instruments are divided into "primary" and "supporting" role for
each flight regime they list. What is a primary instrument in one regime
is a supporting in others.

"Ron Natalie" wrote in message
. ..

"Tarver Engineering" wrote in message
...

"Teacherjh" wrote in message
...

A Primary instrument is going to have to meet a higher expectaion of
correct
operation.


Huh? The "correctness" of operation doesn't depend on flight regeme,
but
primary/secondary (if you use that methodology) does. It has nothing
to
do
with "correcness" of operation, but on immediacy and relevance of
input.

What you write is arguable, but what I wrote is fact.

Fact, but nonsequitor.

Not exactly. In fact, my reason is why FAA tends to insist on certain
equipments for an approach.

He's not using primary in the same way you are.
In your context, all of the instruments are "primary flight instruments."

No, each instrument system has it's own level of certification and
acceptable MTBF.

In the context of the FAA pedantry for the instrument knowledge test,
those instruments are divided into "primary" and "supporting" role for
each flight regime they list. What is a primary instrument in one
regime
is a supporting in others.

The secondary instrument gives the operator a cross check capability and may
be of a lower reliability.

Tarver, Are you a pilot? Instrument Rated?


"Tarver Engineering" wrote in message
...

"Ron Natalie" wrote in message
. ..

"Tarver Engineering" wrote in message
...

"Teacherjh" wrote in message
...

A Primary instrument is going to have to meet a higher expectaion of
correct
operation.


Huh? The "correctness" of operation doesn't depend on flight
regeme,
but
primary/secondary (if you use that methodology) does. It has
nothing
to
do
with "correcness" of operation, but on immediacy and relevance of
input.

What you write is arguable, but what I wrote is fact.

Fact, but nonsequitor.

Not exactly. In fact, my reason is why FAA tends to insist on certain
equipments for an approach.

He's not using primary in the same way you are.
In your context, all of the instruments are "primary flight
instruments."

No, each instrument system has it's own level of certification and
acceptable MTBF.

In the context of the FAA pedantry for the instrument knowledge test,
those instruments are divided into "primary" and "supporting" role for
each flight regime they list. What is a primary instrument in one
regime
is a supporting in others.

The secondary instrument gives the operator a cross check capability and
may
be of a lower reliability.

"William W. Plummer" wrote in message
news:6eUYb.354452$na.523893@attbi_s04...
Tarver, Are you a pilot? Instrument Rated?

I am an airplane systems engineer.