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#71
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Accuracy of GPS in Garmin 430/530
Steven P. McNicoll wrote:
"Thomas Borchert" wrote in message ... Because it is a handheld, which is not approved for IFR use, enroute or approach. No approval is required for enroute use of a handheld GPS in the US. Handhelds are prohibited by the FAA for use in Part 121 and 135 operations with some special exceptions (require a special authorization). Because non-commercial operators do not have ops specs that spell this stuff out doesn't mean that primary nav equipment doesn't have to be approved for IFR. Fact is, it does. A handheld it simply not a piece of IFR-certified avionics, no matter Part 91-only, or 121/135, etc. Can a Part 91-only pilot use a hand-held to augment IFR navigation? Of course he can. But, even then, he can run afoul of some FSDO folks if the handheld is "installed" and used to augment IFR navigation. That depends on the inclinations of the particular FSDO. |
#72
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Accuracy of GPS in Garmin 430/530
Steven,
No approval is required for enroute use of a handheld GPS in the US. Hmm. I remember differently. How do you explain GPS IFR enroute certification, which is available for some panel-mounts? -- Thomas Borchert (EDDH) |
#73
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Accuracy of GPS in Garmin 430/530
"Sam Spade" wrote in message news:Ho44g.174356$bm6.111656@fed1read04... Handhelds are prohibited by the FAA for use in Part 121 and 135 operations with some special exceptions (require a special authorization). But they are not prohibited for use in Part 91 operations. Because non-commercial operators do not have ops specs that spell this stuff out doesn't mean that primary nav equipment doesn't have to be approved for IFR. Fact is, it does. What requires that it be approved? A handheld it simply not a piece of IFR-certified avionics, no matter Part 91-only, or 121/135, etc. So what? Can a Part 91-only pilot use a hand-held to augment IFR navigation? Of course he can. But, even then, he can run afoul of some FSDO folks if the handheld is "installed" and used to augment IFR navigation. That depends on the inclinations of the particular FSDO. Handhelds are not "installed". Running afoul of some FSDO folks is a non-issue. Their personal biases are irrelevant, what matters is what is in the regulations. |
#74
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Accuracy of GPS in Garmin 430/530
"Thomas Borchert" wrote in message ... Hmm. I remember differently. So what do you remember? How do you explain GPS IFR enroute certification, which is available for some panel-mounts? I assume you're referring to TSO C-129a. It exists, but it's mere existence does not prohibit the use of equipment that hasn't been demonstrated to meet the standard. TSOs are not regulations, they are Technical Standard Orders. TSOs are not binding unless there is an FAR that requires the TSO to be complied with, so says FAR 21.601. There are TSOs in existence that cover the "approval" of a great many things, but you don't have to use "approved" equipment in any operation unless required to do so by the FARs. What FAR requires compliance with TSO-C129a? PART 21--CERTIFICATION PROCEDURES FOR PRODUCTS AND PARTS Subpart O--Technical Standard Order Authorizations Sec. 21.601 Applicability. [snip] (b) For the purpose of this subpart-- [snip] (4) An article manufactured under a TSO authorization, an FAA letter of acceptance as described in §21.603(b), or an appliance manufactured under a letter of TSO design approval described in §21.617 is an approved article or appliance for the purpose of meeting the regulations of this chapter that require the article to be approved. |
#75
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Accuracy of GPS in Garmin 430/530
Steven P. McNicoll wrote:
"Sam Spade" wrote in message news:Ho44g.174356$bm6.111656@fed1read04... Handhelds are prohibited by the FAA for use in Part 121 and 135 operations with some special exceptions (require a special authorization). But they are not prohibited for use in Part 91 operations. They are as primary nav for IFR. Because non-commercial operators do not have ops specs that spell this stuff out doesn't mean that primary nav equipment doesn't have to be approved for IFR. Fact is, it does. What requires that it be approved? Part 23 (for the type of aircraft we're talking about). A good avionics shop can direct you to related ACs. A handheld it simply not a piece of IFR-certified avionics, no matter Part 91-only, or 121/135, etc. So what? So, it does not satisfy Part 23, which requires that the avionics manufacturer provide equipment (in this case) that is appropriate for IFR operations. Can a Part 91-only pilot use a hand-held to augment IFR navigation? Of course he can. But, even then, he can run afoul of some FSDO folks if the handheld is "installed" and used to augment IFR navigation. That depends on the inclinations of the particular FSDO. Handhelds are not "installed". Running afoul of some FSDO folks is a non-issue. Their personal biases are irrelevant, what matters is what is in the regulations. Handhelds are typically not installed. But, once they are connected to an external antenna and/or ship's power supply they are usually considered to be installed. |
#76
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Accuracy of GPS in Garmin 430/530
Also, AIM 1-1-19: d. General Requirements 1. Authorization to conduct any GPS operation under IFR requires that: (a) GPS navigation equipment used must be approved in accordance with the requirements specified in Technical Standard Order (TSO) TSO-C129, or equivalent, and the installation must be done in accordance with Advisory Circular AC 20-138, Airworthiness Approval of Global Positioning System (GPS) Navigation Equipment for Use as a VFR and IFR Supplemental Navigation System, or Advisory Circular AC 20-130A, Airworthiness Approval of Navigation or Flight Management Systems Integrating Multiple Navigation Sensors, or equivalent. Equipment approved in accordance with TSO-C115a does not meet the requirements of TSO-C129. Visual flight rules (VFR) and hand-held GPS systems are not authorized for IFR navigation, instrument approaches, or as a principal instrument flight reference. During IFR operations they may be considered only an aid to situational awareness. (b) Aircraft using GPS navigation equipment under IFR must be equipped with an approved and operational alternate means of navigation appropriate to the flight. Active monitoring of alternative navigation equipment is not required if the GPS receiver uses RAIM for integrity monitoring. Active monitoring of an alternate means of navigation is required when the RAIM capability of the GPS equipment is lost. (c) Procedures must be established for use in the event that the loss of RAIM capability is predicted to occur. In situations where this is encountered, the flight must rely on other approved equipment, delay departure, or cancel the flight. (d) The GPS operation must be conducted in accordance with the FAA-approved aircraft flight manual (AFM) or flight manual supplement. Flight crew members must be thoroughly familiar with the particular GPS equipment installed in the aircraft, the receiver operation manual, and the AFM or flight manual supplement. Unlike ILS and VOR, the basic operation, receiver presentation to the pilot, and some capabilities of the equipment can vary greatly. Due to these differences, operation of different brands, or even models of the same brand, of GPS receiver under IFR should not be attempted without thorough study of the operation of that particular receiver and installation. Most receivers have a built-in simulator mode which will allow the pilot to become familiar with operation prior to attempting operation in the aircraft. Using the equipment in flight under VFR conditions prior to attempting IFR operation will allow further familiarization. (e) Aircraft navigating by IFR approved GPS are considered to be area navigation (RNAV) aircraft and have special equipment suffixes. File the appropriate equipment suffix in accordance with TBL 5-1-2, on the ATC flight plan. If GPS avionics become inoperative, the pilot should advise ATC and amend the equipment suffix. (f) Prior to any GPS IFR operation, the pilot must review appropriate NOTAMs and aeronautical information. (See GPS NOTAMs/Aeronautical Information.) (g) Air carrier and commercial operators must meet the appropriate provisions of their approved operations specifications. |
#77
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Accuracy of GPS in Garmin 430/530
"Sam Spade" wrote in message news:0984g.174363$bm6.171092@fed1read04...
Also, AIM 1-1-19: d. General Requirements 1. Authorization to conduct any GPS operation under IFR requires that: (a) GPS navigation equipment used must be approved in accordance with the requirements specified in Technical Standard Order (TSO) TSO-C129, or equivalent, and the installation must be done in accordance with Advisory Circular AC 20-138, Airworthiness Approval of Global Positioning System (GPS) Navigation Equipment for Use as a VFR and IFR Supplemental Navigation System, or Advisory Circular AC 20-130A, Airworthiness Approval of Navigation or Flight Management Systems Integrating Multiple Navigation Sensors, or equivalent. Equipment approved in accordance with TSO-C115a does not meet the requirements of TSO-C129. Visual flight rules (VFR) and hand-held GPS systems are not authorized for IFR navigation, instrument approaches, or as a principal instrument flight reference. During IFR operations they may be considered only an aid to situational awareness. snip If that's *the* defining statement, then I must not be authorized to operate under IFR with my equipment which is certified under TSO-C146a, Stand-Alone Airborne Navigation Equipment using the Global Positioning System (GPS) Augmented by the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS). But I think I am so authorized. Must we say once again that the AIM is not regulatory? |
#78
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Accuracy of GPS in Garmin 430/530
"Steven P. McNicoll" wrote in message ink.net... "Bob Noel" wrote in message ... where is "enroute use" defined? Dictionary Oh, Steven!!! You had the PERFECT chance to reply: "Google is your friend" but you didn't take it. Rats. |
#79
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Accuracy of GPS in Garmin 430/530
John R. Copeland wrote:
"Sam Spade" wrote in message news:0984g.174363$bm6.171092@fed1read04... Also, AIM 1-1-19: d. General Requirements 1. Authorization to conduct any GPS operation under IFR requires that: (a) GPS navigation equipment used must be approved in accordance with the requirements specified in Technical Standard Order (TSO) TSO-C129, or equivalent, and the installation must be done in accordance with Advisory Circular AC 20-138, Airworthiness Approval of Global Positioning System (GPS) Navigation Equipment for Use as a VFR and IFR Supplemental Navigation System, or Advisory Circular AC 20-130A, Airworthiness Approval of Navigation or Flight Management Systems Integrating Multiple Navigation Sensors, or equivalent. Equipment approved in accordance with TSO-C115a does not meet the requirements of TSO-C129. Visual flight rules (VFR) and hand-held GPS systems are not authorized for IFR navigation, instrument approaches, or as a principal instrument flight reference. During IFR operations they may be considered only an aid to situational awareness. snip If that's *the* defining statement, then I must not be authorized to operate under IFR with my equipment which is certified under TSO-C146a, Stand-Alone Airborne Navigation Equipment using the Global Positioning System (GPS) Augmented by the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS). But I think I am so authorized. Must we say once again that the AIM is not regulatory? I suppose your 146 equipment is "equivalent." Keep in mind the FAA does not do a perfect job of keeping the AIM current. And, of course, it is not regulatory, but it is sometimes directive and a focal point to provide information to pilots. The regulatory vehicle for your installation is via the approved installation process a la Part 23. |
#80
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Accuracy of GPS in Garmin 430/530
In article . net,
"Steven P. McNicoll" wrote: where is "enroute use" defined? Dictionary yeah. that's good. Is that where you get your definition of "night", "pilot-in-command", etc? -- Bob Noel Looking for a sig the lawyers will hate |
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