![]() |
If this is your first visit, be sure to check out the FAQ by clicking the link above. You may have to register before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. To start viewing messages, select the forum that you want to visit from the selection below. |
|
|
Thread Tools | Display Modes |
|
#1
|
|||
|
|||
![]()
This is the most definitive guidance that I have seen. Although not
regulatory, it is apparently FAA policy or the Feds wouldn't have printed it. Don't slam me, I'm only the messenger..... FAAviation News , July-Aug 1990. "Once you have been cleared for and have initiated an approach in IMC, you may log that approach for instrument currency, regardless of the altitude at which you break out of the clouds" The July-August 1990 issue of FAAviation News, in response to a reader inquiry, said: "The wording of our reply was not clear. Once you have been cleared for and have initiated an instrument approach in IMC, you may log that approach regardless of the altitude at which you break out of the clouds. When doing a simulated IFR approach you should fly the prescribed instrument approach procedure to DH or MDA to maximize the training benefit." On Tue, 5 Aug 2003 12:03:14 +0000 (UTC), (Paul Tomblin) wrote: 1. Vectored for the VOR 27 at Oshkosh in pouring rain, broke out and saw the runway after I got established but before I started my descent, cancelled IFR to help the guy behind me, did a visual descent and landed on the green dot. 2. Vectored for the ILS 24(?) at Muskegeon, descended on the glide slope, saw the runway almost as soon as I started descending, but did the ILS on the gauges all the way down for practice (not wearing foggles). 3. Vectored for the ILS 22 at Rochester, was in the soup at 2500 feet at the top of the glideslope, broke out on the glide slope just above traffic pattern altitude (1400), asked for and got right traffic to runway 25. |
#2
|
|||
|
|||
![]()
While the FAA article you quote is anecdotal, here is some precedent- please
read the following FAA Chief Counsel Opinion about approaches for Instrument Currency. This FAA Chief Counsel Opinion is the only official opinion I have found on the issue. Keep in mind that a chief counsel opinion is legally binding as to how the agancy will enforce the issue. I welcome any additional contrary leads anyone may provide in that regard. "January 28, 1992 (no name given) .... For currency purposes, an instrument approach under Section 61.57(e)(1)(i) may be flown in either actual or simulated IFR conditions. Further, unless the instrument approach procedure must be abandoned for safety reasons, we believe the pilot must follow the instrument approach procedure to minimum descent altitude or decision height. Donald P. Byrne Assistant Chief Counsel" (Source: Summit Aviation CD Chief Counsel Opinions section) Keep in mind that a Chief Counsel Opinion is only that: an opinion. It is not a law. You are free to argue with the FAA and an NTSB judge about it. However, absent specific information in an FAR or information in the Preamble to the FAR, in an enforcement proceeding against a pilot whose IFR currency is in question, the NTSB judge would look to a Chief Counsel Opinion to determine how the FAA wished to enforce what constitutes a "useable" approach for currency purposes, and follow that opinion. Rarely does an NTSB judge rule contrary to an FAA Chief Counsel Opinion. I neither agree with it nor like it, but it is the ONLY official legal opinion out there on this issue. Therefore, I'm mindful of its existence when doing my approaches for currency purposes.. Tailwinds. "Bill Zaleski" wrote in message ... This is the most definitive guidance that I have seen. Although not regulatory, it is apparently FAA policy or the Feds wouldn't have printed it. Don't slam me, I'm only the messenger..... FAAviation News , July-Aug 1990. "Once you have been cleared for and have initiated an approach in IMC, you may log that approach for instrument currency, regardless of the altitude at which you break out of the clouds" The July-August 1990 issue of FAAviation News, in response to a reader inquiry, said: "The wording of our reply was not clear. Once you have been cleared for and have initiated an instrument approach in IMC, you may log that approach regardless of the altitude at which you break out of the clouds. When doing a simulated IFR approach you should fly the prescribed instrument approach procedure to DH or MDA to maximize the training benefit." On Tue, 5 Aug 2003 12:03:14 +0000 (UTC), (Paul Tomblin) wrote: 1. Vectored for the VOR 27 at Oshkosh in pouring rain, broke out and saw the runway after I got established but before I started my descent, cancelled IFR to help the guy behind me, did a visual descent and landed on the green dot. 2. Vectored for the ILS 24(?) at Muskegeon, descended on the glide slope, saw the runway almost as soon as I started descending, but did the ILS on the gauges all the way down for practice (not wearing foggles). 3. Vectored for the ILS 22 at Rochester, was in the soup at 2500 feet at the top of the glideslope, broke out on the glide slope just above traffic pattern altitude (1400), asked for and got right traffic to runway 25. |
#3
|
|||
|
|||
![]()
This says that the approach procedure must be followed to the MAP, it does not
say anything about the conditions, since you can follow the approach procedure in visual as well as instrument conditions. I find it easier just to schedule an IPC every 6 months, that way I get an instructor checking me for any bad habits I might be picking up, and I get to practice stuff I might not do on my own. The instructor I fly with puts me partial panel most of the flight, for example. Barry wrote: While the FAA article you quote is anecdotal, here is some precedent- please read the following FAA Chief Counsel Opinion about approaches for Instrument Currency. This FAA Chief Counsel Opinion is the only official opinion I have found on the issue. Keep in mind that a chief counsel opinion is legally binding as to how the agancy will enforce the issue. I welcome any additional contrary leads anyone may provide in that regard. "January 28, 1992 (no name given) ... For currency purposes, an instrument approach under Section 61.57(e)(1)(i) may be flown in either actual or simulated IFR conditions. Further, unless the instrument approach procedure must be abandoned for safety reasons, we believe the pilot must follow the instrument approach procedure to minimum descent altitude or decision height. Donald P. Byrne Assistant Chief Counsel" (Source: Summit Aviation CD Chief Counsel Opinions section) Keep in mind that a Chief Counsel Opinion is only that: an opinion. It is not a law. You are free to argue with the FAA and an NTSB judge about it. However, absent specific information in an FAR or information in the Preamble to the FAR, in an enforcement proceeding against a pilot whose IFR currency is in question, the NTSB judge would look to a Chief Counsel Opinion to determine how the FAA wished to enforce what constitutes a "useable" approach for currency purposes, and follow that opinion. Rarely does an NTSB judge rule contrary to an FAA Chief Counsel Opinion. I neither agree with it nor like it, but it is the ONLY official legal opinion out there on this issue. Therefore, I'm mindful of its existence when doing my approaches for currency purposes.. Tailwinds. "Bill Zaleski" wrote in message ... This is the most definitive guidance that I have seen. Although not regulatory, it is apparently FAA policy or the Feds wouldn't have printed it. Don't slam me, I'm only the messenger..... FAAviation News , July-Aug 1990. "Once you have been cleared for and have initiated an approach in IMC, you may log that approach for instrument currency, regardless of the altitude at which you break out of the clouds" The July-August 1990 issue of FAAviation News, in response to a reader inquiry, said: "The wording of our reply was not clear. Once you have been cleared for and have initiated an instrument approach in IMC, you may log that approach regardless of the altitude at which you break out of the clouds. When doing a simulated IFR approach you should fly the prescribed instrument approach procedure to DH or MDA to maximize the training benefit." On Tue, 5 Aug 2003 12:03:14 +0000 (UTC), (Paul Tomblin) wrote: 1. Vectored for the VOR 27 at Oshkosh in pouring rain, broke out and saw the runway after I got established but before I started my descent, cancelled IFR to help the guy behind me, did a visual descent and landed on the green dot. 2. Vectored for the ILS 24(?) at Muskegeon, descended on the glide slope, saw the runway almost as soon as I started descending, but did the ILS on the gauges all the way down for practice (not wearing foggles). 3. Vectored for the ILS 22 at Rochester, was in the soup at 2500 feet at the top of the glideslope, broke out on the glide slope just above traffic pattern altitude (1400), asked for and got right traffic to runway 25. -- --Ray Andraka, P.E. President, the Andraka Consulting Group, Inc. 401/884-7930 Fax 401/884-7950 http://www.andraka.com "They that give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety." -Benjamin Franklin, 1759 |
#4
|
|||
|
|||
![]()
It says "actual or simulated" conditions - visual is neither.
Mat -- Matthew Waugh Comm. SEL MEL, CFI-AI http://home.nc.rr.com/mwaugh/learn2fly/index.htm "Ray Andraka" wrote in message ... This says that the approach procedure must be followed to the MAP, it does not say anything about the conditions, since you can follow the approach procedure in visual as well as instrument conditions. I find it easier just to schedule an IPC every 6 months, that way I get an instructor checking me for any bad habits I might be picking up, and I get to practice stuff I might not do on my own. The instructor I fly with puts me partial panel most of the flight, for example. Barry wrote: While the FAA article you quote is anecdotal, here is some precedent- please read the following FAA Chief Counsel Opinion about approaches for Instrument Currency. This FAA Chief Counsel Opinion is the only official opinion I have found on the issue. Keep in mind that a chief counsel opinion is legally binding as to how the agancy will enforce the issue. I welcome any additional contrary leads anyone may provide in that regard. "January 28, 1992 (no name given) ... For currency purposes, an instrument approach under Section 61.57(e)(1)(i) may be flown in either actual or simulated IFR conditions. Further, unless the instrument approach procedure must be abandoned for safety reasons, we believe the pilot must follow the instrument approach procedure to minimum descent altitude or decision height. Donald P. Byrne Assistant Chief Counsel" (Source: Summit Aviation CD Chief Counsel Opinions section) Keep in mind that a Chief Counsel Opinion is only that: an opinion. It is not a law. You are free to argue with the FAA and an NTSB judge about it. However, absent specific information in an FAR or information in the Preamble to the FAR, in an enforcement proceeding against a pilot whose IFR currency is in question, the NTSB judge would look to a Chief Counsel Opinion to determine how the FAA wished to enforce what constitutes a "useable" approach for currency purposes, and follow that opinion. Rarely does an NTSB judge rule contrary to an FAA Chief Counsel Opinion. I neither agree with it nor like it, but it is the ONLY official legal opinion out there on this issue. Therefore, I'm mindful of its existence when doing my approaches for currency purposes.. Tailwinds. "Bill Zaleski" wrote in message ... This is the most definitive guidance that I have seen. Although not regulatory, it is apparently FAA policy or the Feds wouldn't have printed it. Don't slam me, I'm only the messenger..... FAAviation News , July-Aug 1990. "Once you have been cleared for and have initiated an approach in IMC, you may log that approach for instrument currency, regardless of the altitude at which you break out of the clouds" The July-August 1990 issue of FAAviation News, in response to a reader inquiry, said: "The wording of our reply was not clear. Once you have been cleared for and have initiated an instrument approach in IMC, you may log that approach regardless of the altitude at which you break out of the clouds. When doing a simulated IFR approach you should fly the prescribed instrument approach procedure to DH or MDA to maximize the training benefit." On Tue, 5 Aug 2003 12:03:14 +0000 (UTC), (Paul Tomblin) wrote: 1. Vectored for the VOR 27 at Oshkosh in pouring rain, broke out and saw the runway after I got established but before I started my descent, cancelled IFR to help the guy behind me, did a visual descent and landed on the green dot. 2. Vectored for the ILS 24(?) at Muskegeon, descended on the glide slope, saw the runway almost as soon as I started descending, but did the ILS on the gauges all the way down for practice (not wearing foggles). 3. Vectored for the ILS 22 at Rochester, was in the soup at 2500 feet at the top of the glideslope, broke out on the glide slope just above traffic pattern altitude (1400), asked for and got right traffic to runway 25. -- --Ray Andraka, P.E. President, the Andraka Consulting Group, Inc. 401/884-7930 Fax 401/884-7950 http://www.andraka.com "They that give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety." -Benjamin Franklin, 1759 |
#5
|
|||
|
|||
![]()
But it doesn't say that it has to be flown *TO* the MAP in IMC or simulated IMC.
Matthew Waugh wrote: It says "actual or simulated" conditions - visual is neither. Mat -- Matthew Waugh Comm. SEL MEL, CFI-AI http://home.nc.rr.com/mwaugh/learn2fly/index.htm "Ray Andraka" wrote in message ... This says that the approach procedure must be followed to the MAP, it does not say anything about the conditions, since you can follow the approach procedure in visual as well as instrument conditions. I find it easier just to schedule an IPC every 6 months, that way I get an instructor checking me for any bad habits I might be picking up, and I get to practice stuff I might not do on my own. The instructor I fly with puts me partial panel most of the flight, for example. Barry wrote: While the FAA article you quote is anecdotal, here is some precedent- please read the following FAA Chief Counsel Opinion about approaches for Instrument Currency. This FAA Chief Counsel Opinion is the only official opinion I have found on the issue. Keep in mind that a chief counsel opinion is legally binding as to how the agancy will enforce the issue. I welcome any additional contrary leads anyone may provide in that regard. "January 28, 1992 (no name given) ... For currency purposes, an instrument approach under Section 61.57(e)(1)(i) may be flown in either actual or simulated IFR conditions. Further, unless the instrument approach procedure must be abandoned for safety reasons, we believe the pilot must follow the instrument approach procedure to minimum descent altitude or decision height. Donald P. Byrne Assistant Chief Counsel" (Source: Summit Aviation CD Chief Counsel Opinions section) Keep in mind that a Chief Counsel Opinion is only that: an opinion. It is not a law. You are free to argue with the FAA and an NTSB judge about it. However, absent specific information in an FAR or information in the Preamble to the FAR, in an enforcement proceeding against a pilot whose IFR currency is in question, the NTSB judge would look to a Chief Counsel Opinion to determine how the FAA wished to enforce what constitutes a "useable" approach for currency purposes, and follow that opinion. Rarely does an NTSB judge rule contrary to an FAA Chief Counsel Opinion. I neither agree with it nor like it, but it is the ONLY official legal opinion out there on this issue. Therefore, I'm mindful of its existence when doing my approaches for currency purposes.. Tailwinds. "Bill Zaleski" wrote in message ... This is the most definitive guidance that I have seen. Although not regulatory, it is apparently FAA policy or the Feds wouldn't have printed it. Don't slam me, I'm only the messenger..... FAAviation News , July-Aug 1990. "Once you have been cleared for and have initiated an approach in IMC, you may log that approach for instrument currency, regardless of the altitude at which you break out of the clouds" The July-August 1990 issue of FAAviation News, in response to a reader inquiry, said: "The wording of our reply was not clear. Once you have been cleared for and have initiated an instrument approach in IMC, you may log that approach regardless of the altitude at which you break out of the clouds. When doing a simulated IFR approach you should fly the prescribed instrument approach procedure to DH or MDA to maximize the training benefit." On Tue, 5 Aug 2003 12:03:14 +0000 (UTC), (Paul Tomblin) wrote: 1. Vectored for the VOR 27 at Oshkosh in pouring rain, broke out and saw the runway after I got established but before I started my descent, cancelled IFR to help the guy behind me, did a visual descent and landed on the green dot. 2. Vectored for the ILS 24(?) at Muskegeon, descended on the glide slope, saw the runway almost as soon as I started descending, but did the ILS on the gauges all the way down for practice (not wearing foggles). 3. Vectored for the ILS 22 at Rochester, was in the soup at 2500 feet at the top of the glideslope, broke out on the glide slope just above traffic pattern altitude (1400), asked for and got right traffic to runway 25. -- --Ray Andraka, P.E. President, the Andraka Consulting Group, Inc. 401/884-7930 Fax 401/884-7950 http://www.andraka.com "They that give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety." -Benjamin Franklin, 1759 -- --Ray Andraka, P.E. President, the Andraka Consulting Group, Inc. 401/884-7930 Fax 401/884-7950 http://www.andraka.com "They that give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety." -Benjamin Franklin, 1759 |
#6
|
|||
|
|||
![]()
You don't believe the 2 sentences are related? One says the instrument
approach must be actual or simulated and the other says it must be flown to the MAP? I guess I don't get your reasoning, but it wouldn't be the first time I've been confused. Mat -- Matthew Waugh Comm. SEL MEL, CFI-AI http://home.nc.rr.com/mwaugh/learn2fly/index.htm "Ray Andraka" wrote in message ... But it doesn't say that it has to be flown *TO* the MAP in IMC or simulated IMC. Matthew Waugh wrote: It says "actual or simulated" conditions - visual is neither. Mat -- Matthew Waugh Comm. SEL MEL, CFI-AI http://home.nc.rr.com/mwaugh/learn2fly/index.htm "Ray Andraka" wrote in message ... This says that the approach procedure must be followed to the MAP, it does not say anything about the conditions, since you can follow the approach procedure in visual as well as instrument conditions. I find it easier just to schedule an IPC every 6 months, that way I get an instructor checking me for any bad habits I might be picking up, and I get to practice stuff I might not do on my own. The instructor I fly with puts me partial panel most of the flight, for example. Barry wrote: While the FAA article you quote is anecdotal, here is some precedent- please read the following FAA Chief Counsel Opinion about approaches for Instrument Currency. This FAA Chief Counsel Opinion is the only official opinion I have found on the issue. Keep in mind that a chief counsel opinion is legally binding as to how the agancy will enforce the issue. I welcome any additional contrary leads anyone may provide in that regard. "January 28, 1992 (no name given) ... For currency purposes, an instrument approach under Section 61.57(e)(1)(i) may be flown in either actual or simulated IFR conditions. Further, unless the instrument approach procedure must be abandoned for safety reasons, we believe the pilot must follow the instrument approach procedure to minimum descent altitude or decision height. Donald P. Byrne Assistant Chief Counsel" (Source: Summit Aviation CD Chief Counsel Opinions section) Keep in mind that a Chief Counsel Opinion is only that: an opinion. It is not a law. You are free to argue with the FAA and an NTSB judge about it. However, absent specific information in an FAR or information in the Preamble to the FAR, in an enforcement proceeding against a pilot whose IFR currency is in question, the NTSB judge would look to a Chief Counsel Opinion to determine how the FAA wished to enforce what constitutes a "useable" approach for currency purposes, and follow that opinion. Rarely does an NTSB judge rule contrary to an FAA Chief Counsel Opinion. I neither agree with it nor like it, but it is the ONLY official legal opinion out there on this issue. Therefore, I'm mindful of its existence when doing my approaches for currency purposes.. Tailwinds. "Bill Zaleski" wrote in message ... This is the most definitive guidance that I have seen. Although not regulatory, it is apparently FAA policy or the Feds wouldn't have printed it. Don't slam me, I'm only the messenger..... FAAviation News , July-Aug 1990. "Once you have been cleared for and have initiated an approach in IMC, you may log that approach for instrument currency, regardless of the altitude at which you break out of the clouds" The July-August 1990 issue of FAAviation News, in response to a reader inquiry, said: "The wording of our reply was not clear. Once you have been cleared for and have initiated an instrument approach in IMC, you may log that approach regardless of the altitude at which you break out of the clouds. When doing a simulated IFR approach you should fly the prescribed instrument approach procedure to DH or MDA to maximize the training benefit." On Tue, 5 Aug 2003 12:03:14 +0000 (UTC), (Paul Tomblin) wrote: 1. Vectored for the VOR 27 at Oshkosh in pouring rain, broke out and saw the runway after I got established but before I started my descent, cancelled IFR to help the guy behind me, did a visual descent and landed on the green dot. 2. Vectored for the ILS 24(?) at Muskegeon, descended on the glide slope, saw the runway almost as soon as I started descending, but did the ILS on the gauges all the way down for practice (not wearing foggles). 3. Vectored for the ILS 22 at Rochester, was in the soup at 2500 feet at the top of the glideslope, broke out on the glide slope just above traffic pattern altitude (1400), asked for and got right traffic to runway 25. -- --Ray Andraka, P.E. President, the Andraka Consulting Group, Inc. 401/884-7930 Fax 401/884-7950 http://www.andraka.com "They that give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety." -Benjamin Franklin, 1759 -- --Ray Andraka, P.E. President, the Andraka Consulting Group, Inc. 401/884-7930 Fax 401/884-7950 http://www.andraka.com "They that give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety." -Benjamin Franklin, 1759 |
#7
|
|||
|
|||
![]()
Yes they are related in that part of the approach has to be in IMC or under the
hood, and the approach needs to be flown to the MAP. It doesn't say how much of the approach has to be in IMC. The how much simply is not quantified in those two sentences. In my IFR training, I was told by three different instructors in different schools, as well as by a two different PIC instructors during recurrent training that as long as I was in IMC sometime after the FAF, I could log the approach. Nevertheless, I cover myself by getting an IPC every 6 months. Insurance co. likes it, and I get the benefit of a trained observer to drill me on areas I might gotten rusty and to point out any bad habits I might have developed. Matthew Waugh wrote: You don't believe the 2 sentences are related? One says the instrument approach must be actual or simulated and the other says it must be flown to the MAP? I guess I don't get your reasoning, but it wouldn't be the first time I've been confused. Mat -- Matthew Waugh Comm. SEL MEL, CFI-AI http://home.nc.rr.com/mwaugh/learn2fly/index.htm "Ray Andraka" wrote in message ... But it doesn't say that it has to be flown *TO* the MAP in IMC or simulated IMC. Matthew Waugh wrote: It says "actual or simulated" conditions - visual is neither. Mat -- Matthew Waugh Comm. SEL MEL, CFI-AI http://home.nc.rr.com/mwaugh/learn2fly/index.htm "Ray Andraka" wrote in message ... This says that the approach procedure must be followed to the MAP, it does not say anything about the conditions, since you can follow the approach procedure in visual as well as instrument conditions. I find it easier just to schedule an IPC every 6 months, that way I get an instructor checking me for any bad habits I might be picking up, and I get to practice stuff I might not do on my own. The instructor I fly with puts me partial panel most of the flight, for example. Barry wrote: While the FAA article you quote is anecdotal, here is some precedent- please read the following FAA Chief Counsel Opinion about approaches for Instrument Currency. This FAA Chief Counsel Opinion is the only official opinion I have found on the issue. Keep in mind that a chief counsel opinion is legally binding as to how the agancy will enforce the issue. I welcome any additional contrary leads anyone may provide in that regard. "January 28, 1992 (no name given) ... For currency purposes, an instrument approach under Section 61.57(e)(1)(i) may be flown in either actual or simulated IFR conditions. Further, unless the instrument approach procedure must be abandoned for safety reasons, we believe the pilot must follow the instrument approach procedure to minimum descent altitude or decision height. Donald P. Byrne Assistant Chief Counsel" (Source: Summit Aviation CD Chief Counsel Opinions section) Keep in mind that a Chief Counsel Opinion is only that: an opinion. It is not a law. You are free to argue with the FAA and an NTSB judge about it. However, absent specific information in an FAR or information in the Preamble to the FAR, in an enforcement proceeding against a pilot whose IFR currency is in question, the NTSB judge would look to a Chief Counsel Opinion to determine how the FAA wished to enforce what constitutes a "useable" approach for currency purposes, and follow that opinion. Rarely does an NTSB judge rule contrary to an FAA Chief Counsel Opinion. I neither agree with it nor like it, but it is the ONLY official legal opinion out there on this issue. Therefore, I'm mindful of its existence when doing my approaches for currency purposes.. Tailwinds. "Bill Zaleski" wrote in message ... This is the most definitive guidance that I have seen. Although not regulatory, it is apparently FAA policy or the Feds wouldn't have printed it. Don't slam me, I'm only the messenger..... FAAviation News , July-Aug 1990. "Once you have been cleared for and have initiated an approach in IMC, you may log that approach for instrument currency, regardless of the altitude at which you break out of the clouds" The July-August 1990 issue of FAAviation News, in response to a reader inquiry, said: "The wording of our reply was not clear. Once you have been cleared for and have initiated an instrument approach in IMC, you may log that approach regardless of the altitude at which you break out of the clouds. When doing a simulated IFR approach you should fly the prescribed instrument approach procedure to DH or MDA to maximize the training benefit." On Tue, 5 Aug 2003 12:03:14 +0000 (UTC), (Paul Tomblin) wrote: 1. Vectored for the VOR 27 at Oshkosh in pouring rain, broke out and saw the runway after I got established but before I started my descent, cancelled IFR to help the guy behind me, did a visual descent and landed on the green dot. 2. Vectored for the ILS 24(?) at Muskegeon, descended on the glide slope, saw the runway almost as soon as I started descending, but did the ILS on the gauges all the way down for practice (not wearing foggles). 3. Vectored for the ILS 22 at Rochester, was in the soup at 2500 feet at the top of the glideslope, broke out on the glide slope just above traffic pattern altitude (1400), asked for and got right traffic to runway 25. -- --Ray Andraka, P.E. President, the Andraka Consulting Group, Inc. 401/884-7930 Fax 401/884-7950 http://www.andraka.com "They that give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety." -Benjamin Franklin, 1759 -- --Ray Andraka, P.E. President, the Andraka Consulting Group, Inc. 401/884-7930 Fax 401/884-7950 http://www.andraka.com "They that give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety." -Benjamin Franklin, 1759 -- --Ray Andraka, P.E. President, the Andraka Consulting Group, Inc. 401/884-7930 Fax 401/884-7950 http://www.andraka.com "They that give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety." -Benjamin Franklin, 1759 |
Thread Tools | |
Display Modes | |
|
|
![]() |
||||
Thread | Thread Starter | Forum | Replies | Last Post |
Logging instrument approaches | Slav Inger | Instrument Flight Rules | 33 | July 27th 03 11:00 PM |
Suppose We Really Do Have Only GPS Approaches | Richard Kaplan | Instrument Flight Rules | 10 | July 20th 03 05:10 PM |
Garmin Behind the Curve on WAAS GPS VNAV Approaches | Richard Kaplan | Instrument Flight Rules | 24 | July 18th 03 01:43 PM |
NDB approaches -- what are they good for? | Dylan Smith | Instrument Flight Rules | 15 | July 10th 03 09:15 PM |