GPS Use In Canada

Can IFR-certified GPS be used to substitute for NDBs in Canada when
navigating an airway?

I'm a US-certificated pilot flying a US-registered plane. I'd like to
take advantage of lower MEAs in western Canada provided by airways.
Many of the airways appear to be between NDBs. If my ADF is known inop
(or my plane doesn't have an ADF), can I use the panel-mount Garmin 430
as a substitute?

Yes, except for approaches that do not have a GPS overlay and for
missed approch procedures that have an NDB in them (the latter doesn't
make to me IMHO).
Gerd
ATPL

From the TC AIM
(http://www.tc.gc.ca/CivilAviation/pu...14371/menu.htm):

3.16.9 Use of GNSS in Lieu of Ground-based Aids

Subject to any overriding conditions or limitations in the aircraft
flight manual (AFM) or AFM Supplement, GNSS may be used to identify all
fixes defined by DME, VOR, VOR/DME and NDB, including fixes that are
part of any instrument approach procedure, to navigate to and from
these fixes along specific tracks, including arcs, and to report
distances along airways or tracks for separation purposes. This can be
done as long as there is no integrity alert, and provided that all
fixes that are part of a terminal instrument procedure (arrival,
departure, or approach) are named, charted and retrieved from a current
navigation database. GNSS may be used to identify fixes defined by
ground-based aids, even if they are temporarily out of service.

For example, if the DME associated with an ILS/DME approach is
unserviceable, traditional aircraft would be denied the approach;
however, under these rules, the pilot of a GNSS-equipped aircraft may
request and fly the approach.

Note that for NDB or VOR approaches that are not part of the GPS
overlay program described in Section 3.16.5.2.2, pilots shall use ADF
or VOR as the primary source for final approach track guidance. For
these approaches, and for approaches based on a localizer (LOC) for
lateral guidance, pilots shall not use GNSS as the primary source for
missed approach guidance when the missed approach procedure requires
flying a published track to or from an NDB or VOR.Where ATS requests a
position based on a distance from a DME facility for separation
purposes, the pilot should report GPS distance from the same DME
facility, stating the distance in "miles" and the facility name
(e.g. "30 miles from Sumspot VOR"). This phraseology is used for
all RNAV systems. When reporting DME distance, the pilot includes
"DME" in the report (e.g. "30 DME from Sumspot VOR"). This
enables ATS to allow for the DME slant range.

Note that under this approval, there is no requirement to carry the
avionics normally used to identify fixes defined by ground-based aids,
but other considerations may apply. This topic is discussed in Section
3.16.10.